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No Reds In
26 Counties,
Says MacBride
IN A NATION-WIDE INTERVIEW OVER THE MUTUAL BROADCASTING SYSTEM OF AMERICA, MR. MacBRIDE, MINISTER FOR EXTERNAL AFFAIRS, SAID THERE WERE NO COMMUNISTS OR ANY COMMUNIST PARTY IN THE NEW IRISH REPUBLIC. "THEY ARE ALL IN BELFAST." HE ADDED.
The Minister also said that if Ireland were granted membership of the United Nations the matter of Partition would be placed before the Assembly.
Asked why Ireland did not grant air bases to the Allies during the war, Mr. MacBride said: "We could not enter into a military alliance with Britain."
When asked if Ireland would sign a pact with Russia if Russia offered an alliance detrimental
to the United States and Britain, he said, "No."
INDIA
When reminded that India and Britain worked out an agreement for India to remain in the Commonwealth, Mr. MacBride said: "I do not think we would remain in the British Commonwealth even if we got complete independence. The Crown is a symbol of oppression."
The principle of the new Republic was that of wanting a complete Ireland—one Republic with national unity. He repeated that Northern Ireland has no right to remain partitioned.
Ireland would never enter the Atlantic Pact as long as Partition remained.
LAND SCHEME
He reiterated earlier statements that Ireland desired its people to speak Gaelic as well as English.
In order to get Irish-born people to return from foreign countries the new republic was embarking on a vast land scheme, he told his American listeners.—A.P.

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Communism
Sun Sund 15. V. 49
In Dublin
DUBLIN'S Catholic workers might think it impossible for Communists to hold, with impunity, on a Sunday, a public meeting in the centre of our city, writes a special correspondent. Last Sunday morning, however, at Middle Abbey St. corner, I listened as the Communists went into action under the masquerade of the Irish Workers' League.
Listening to the speakers address the audience as "My friends." it was only a discerning mind which could detect in their glib tirades the Communist technique.
Being only an initial venture, it would have been premature for the speakers to come out in the open with their 100 per cent. Communism.
It was the "softening up" process; the inculcation of distrust in the Government; the throwing on them of the blame for conditions which are international.
Even after listening to the speakers I was still in some doubt as to the exact "colour" of the organisation until I bought a copy of its organ, the "Irish Workers' Voice," the first issue of which had just been published, and was being sold at the meeting.
tion in the struggle to achieve the aims for which he worked and fought to the end."
The opening of diplomatic relations with Soviet Russia is one of major issues being sponsored by the Irish Workers' League.
"First of all they (the democratic and peace-loving people of Ireland) must resolutely demand the cessation of the Government's policy of capitulation to the imperialist warmongers of Britain and America, and the opening of friendly relations with the Soviet Union and all other democratic nations," writes the journal's political correspondent.
In a paragraph entitled: "Our Aims," it is also explicitly stated that one of the objects of the Irish Workers' League is "the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union."
DOUBTS DISPELLED
If I had any doubts as to the Communistic constitution of the Irish Workers' League—of which, incidentally, the Democratic Youth Movement is a subsidiary organisation—a perusal of this paper, published from 133 Lower Baggot St., quickly dispelled them.
Here are some extracts from the "Irish Workers' Voice," whose sponsors hope to make a second Hungary of Ireland.
In an article entitled, "We Lose a Friend and a Comrade—Jimmie Shields' Death," M. McMackin writes:—
"Jimmie Shields is dead. To all of us in Dublin who knew him and talked with him recently this realisation comes not only as a profound shock, but also with a keen sense of personal loss. His going deprives us of a comrade and a friend.
"Joining the Communist Party in 1921; Jimmie Shields devoted the rest of his life to the cause of the working class. Working untiringly in the Communist movement to end the exploitation of man by man, he consumed himself in the service of humanity.
"The Communist Party and the International working-class movement have lost a leader. The memory of his indomitable spirit—will remain with us as an inspira-

--- Page 3 ---
Guard Unions From Reds, Warns Priest
Cerm in Irel.
1.6.40
Rev. Father Paul Walsh, O.F.M., lecturing to members of the Irish Bakers, Confectioners and Allied Workers' Union on "Communism and How It Affects the Workers" at Four Provinces House, Dublin. On right is Mr. J. Byrne, chairman, Dublin Branch of the Union.
HE estimated that there were 300 Communists in Dublin, Rev. Father Paul Walsh, O.F.M., Wexford, stated at a largely attended public meeting at Four Provinces House, Dublin, under the auspices of the Irish Bakers, Confectioners, and Allied Workers' Union.
"Even though they are a minority, do not despise them," he said. "They are not dependent on the masses to bring them into power. Communism can come into power in this country through the activities of a minority. They never wanted to be anything else but a minority, because, as Lenin told them, a majority will disintegrate."
The trade unions would be the main objectives of Communism in Ireland. Communism was not concerned with improving the lot of the worker, but with transforming society. To that end Communists would penetrate into trade unions by every possible means.
"Guard your trade unions well while you have them," Father Paul continued. "It has taken many years and many sacrifices to build them up, and they are now in peril. You will lose them if you allow these people to get them under their control."
THE RED PLAN
The Communists would have the whole thing planned in a series of movements. Their first step would be to gain control of the unions. That would be followed by strikes. The next step would be strikes with demonstrations, and then strikes with armed demonstrations. The fifth step would be a general strike to paralyse the whole country so that a revolutionary situation would become ripe, and the final step would be civil war and seizure of power by violence.
Father Paul continued: "As you value your unions, your country, and your freedom, watch these people; and if on investigation you are still doubtful about them—so great is the risk in this matter—to rid of them."
"If they are proved to be certainly Communists, there is no question whatever that the answer is: 'Out with them.'"
Urging them to adopt the same tactics as the Communists themselves, Father Paul said they must
attend their union meetings and know what, as Irishmen and Christians they stood for, and be vocal in defence of those things, and persistent in spite of initial defeats. If a man had any religious belief whatever he could not maintain that belief and accept the teachings of Communism.
Man's rights were not State-given but God-given, and they were in fact so inallenable and fundamental that no human power, priest or anyone else, had the right to interfere with them. If they accepted the Communist principles, they were cutting away those rights from under their feet.
Mr. T. Sheehy "Irish Catholic," Chairman of the Irish District Council, N.U.J., said that if people called others Communists when they were not, they would not be believed when a Communist was really indicated. That was the kind of thing the Communists wanted—false accusations to confuse the people.
COMMUNIST'S SPEECH
When Mr. J. J. Byrne, Chairman of the Dublin Branch of the Bakers' Union, who presided, invited questions, a man who described himself as a Communist, said he would like to speak for five minutes in answer to Father Paul He later gave his name as Mr. Chris. Walsh, and said he was a member of the Socialist Party of Ireland.
Mr. Walsh said that Communism was a social system governing the production and distribution of welfare, and was not, in fact, practised in Russia. Father Paul had suresed the religious aspect of Marxism, philosophy, but nearly all Marx's works were economic in character, and no work had come from his pen which was specifically anti-Christian.
They had got to recognise the injustices of Capitalism and the fact that there were many material problems which Capitalism could never solve. The only solution which Socialism or Communism, were synonymous terms.
Father Paul, replying, said that Communism was an unholy, cold, and pitfless thing that should have no place in a Christian civilisation, "Communism is not the answer to the answer to Communism is." I believe in God."

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Soldiers of Christ the King! Attention! 20 Questions
1. Is it animal, mineral, vegetable, or abstract ?
Diabolical.
2. Is the Democratic Youth Movement a front for it ?
Yes.
3. Does the Irish Workers League work for it ?
Yes.
4. Is the Irish U.S.S.R. Society propagating it ?
Yes.
5. Is the Dublin Socialist Group promoting it ?
Yes.
6. Is the Psychology Club permeated with it ?
Yes.
7. Is the International Club the 'intellectual' Messianic front for it ?
Yes.
8. Has it a bookshop 'feeding' these bodies at 16A Pearse St ?
Yes.
9. Is its local Kremlin 133 Lr. Baggot St. ?
Yes.
10. Is Trinity College a danger centre of it ?
Yes.
11. Is it the philosophy of the Promethean, Philosophical, and Fabian Societies of T.C.D. ?
Yes.
12. May its odour be found already in the halls of U.C.D. ?
Yes.
13. Is its rotteness corrupting the Trade Unions, gradually but surely ?
Yes.
14. Is it served by the 'alien' operatives of the B'nai B'rith (Jewish Secret Society) ?
Yes.
15. It it also served and protected by the Masonic Lodge in Molesworth St. ?
Yes.
16. Is adherence to its principles treachery to the Nation ?
Yes.
17. Does it thrive on the apathy, laziness, and pleasure seeking of Catholics ?
Yes.
18. Does it unjustly claim for its erroneous and enslaving doctrines the right of free speech ?
Yes.
19. If they succeed in bringing it about will they employ the same method here as was recently used by their comrades in Hungary ?
Yes.
20. Is it Atheistic Communism ?
YES.
Pope Leo XIII. "Humanum Genus."
"For the fear of God and reverence of Divine law being taken away...sedition permitted and approved, and the popular passions urged on to lawlessness...a change or overthrow of all things will necessarily follow....Yea, this change and overthrow is deliberately planned...by the many associations of Communists, Socialists, and the sect of Freemasons greatly favours their designs and holds in common with them their chief opinions."
Pope Leo XIII. Libertas Humana.
"Men have a right freely and prudently to propagate, throughout the state, what things soever are true and honourable so that as many as possible may possess them; but lying opinions, than which no mental plague is greater, and vices which corrupt the heart and moral life should be diligently repressed by the public authority, lest they insidiously work the ruin of the state."
Lenten Pastoral Archbishop of Dublin 1949.
"ART. XIV. The law of the Church concerning forbidden Societies declares that any Catholic who enrols himself in a Society which plots against the Church or against the legitimate civil authority, incurs, by the fact of such enrolement, the penalty of excommunication reserved to the Holy See."
His Excellency Rt. Rev. Antonia Garcia, Bishop of Tuy, in a Pastoral letter during Spain's agony for Christ the King :—
"It is evident that the present conflict is one of the most terrible wars waged by anti-Christ, that is, by Judaism, against the Catholic Church and against Christ. And at this crisis in the history of the world, Jewry uses two formidable armies; one secret, namely, that of Freemasonry; the other open and avowed, with hands dripping with blood, that of the Communists and all the other associated bodies."
BEWARE OF HALF TRUTHS.
When red dupes criticise the evils and failings of modern Capitalism—the tenements, unemployment, emigration, you know these evils exist, you listen and hope for a remedy.
BUT—The remedy is not the poison offered by these 'line-spouters'—(in effect religious and national suicide).
NOT the socialisation of industry
BUT the establishment of Vocational Grouping and the breaking up of big units.
NOT destruction of private property
BUT the spread of small ownership.
NOT the secularisation of schools
BUT the teaching of children as members of The Mystical Body of Christ.
NOT divorce and State registry marriages
BUT true Christian marriage—one and indissoluble.
NOT State atheism
BUT a state pledged to the Catholic Church—the One True Faith.
NOT the devil and his minions
BUT—CHRIST THE KING.
The S.Y.M. (now called the Democratic Youth Movement) at their meetings indulge in obscenity on Mary Immaculate, Mother of God!..... Are YOU going to do nothing about it ?
LEARN!
PRAY!
FIGHT!
Issued by:—"Fighters for Christ the King."

--- Page 5 ---
The True History of
"Irish Workers' League"IRISH REDS
USED I.R.A.
By A Special Correspondent
The author of the following was himself interned in the Curragh internment camp during the emergency and writes from first-hand experience.
RECENTLY, two meetings held by the so-called "Irish Workers' League" in O'Connell street, Dublin, were broken up by indignant crowds who objected to the meetings being held on the grounds that the sponsors were Communists, working under the guise of an Irish name.
I have heard it denied that these meetings of "The Workers' League" were Communistic. So that there will be no further ambiguity about the matter, I intend to show that not only were the meetings run by Communists, but that the principal speakers on the Workers' League platform, and the writers of their paper, "The Irish Workers' Voice," are agents of the Third International and of the Soviet Government.
In order to make the position clear, it will be necessary to take my readers back to the days of 1931, when the Saor Eire movement was launched. At that time the Communist Party of Ireland was operating under the name of "Revolutionary Workers' Groups," and had offices at Bachelor's Walk. The leaders of the "Revolutionary Workers' Groups" were Sean Murray, Sean Nolan, and a man called Pat Devine.
Devine is now prominent in the Communist Movement in England, and has connections with the Connolly Clubs over there, and with the crypto-Communist "Irish Democrat."
At the same time, in 1931, there existed an organisation known as "The Friends of Soviet Russia." The leaders of the Revolutionary Workers' Groups were also prominent in this organisation; but, because of the fact that at that particular period Britain and Russia were on unfriendly terms and because of the old traditional animosity between Ireland and Britain, a number of people prominent in the extreme Republican movement were roped into the Friends of Soviet Russia organisation.
By this tactic the Communists got a certain foothold in Republican organisations, and, in due course, a number of them joined the I.R.A., as it then existed.
"SAOR EIRE"
When the I.R.A. came to formulate a social policy, Communists were able to influence it to the extent that "The Clarion Call of Saor Eire," published in "An Phoblacht" in or around October, 1931, was definitely a document influenced to a great extent by Marxian philosophy and teaching. So much so that the Bishops condemned the new organisation, Saor Eire, and, after the Fianna Fail Government came into power in 1932 the Saor Eire policy was dropped by the I.R.A., who went back to a policy of pure Irish nationalism.
This change of attitude on the part of the I.R.A. was a serious set-back to the Communists, who wished to develop their theories under the guise of nationalism, and, if possible, to ride into power on a wave of "Extreme Republicanism."
The same tactics are being employed to-day in Central Europe by the Communist parties of Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and elsewhere. Professor A. O'Rahilly hit the nail on the head when he said recently at Cork University that "if you put a Communist out of the front door in the clothes of Karl Marx he will come in the back door in the clothes of Wolfe Tone."
The Communists in 1933 established in open form, and under their own name, "The Communist Party of Ireland." During that year they continued to try to influence the extreme Republican movement. All over Dublin they had their men placed, and at each I.R.A. Convention resolutions were proposed advocating Communistic theories.
By the end of 1933 it became obvious to the Communists that they could not control the I.R.A. Movement; so they decided to split it in two, by using a leftist section, who, although they were not Communists, could be described as "fellow travellers."
EXPELLED FROM I.R.A.
At the 1934 I.R.A. Convention a resolution was proposed which asked the I.R.A. "not to lay down their arms until they had achieved the Irish Workers' Republic"—which, in plain English, meant an Irish Communist State. This resolution was defeated, and as a result all Communists were expelled from the I.R.A., and all those who supported them as well.
Immediately a new organisation called the Republican Congress was established. This consisted of young men who thought they were fighting for social freedom on the lines advocated by James Connolly, but who were in reality dupes of the Communist Party, which was only using Connolly and Republicanism as a smoke-screen for subversive activities.
The Central Bureau of the Republican Congress included Sean Murray and Mr. James Larkin, jun.
At the first annual conference of the Republican Congress held in Rathmines Town Hall, October, 1934, a resolution was passed advocating "the setting up of a united front of all Republican, Progressive and Labour organisations, to engage in the struggle against Imperialism." This "united front" tactic was at that time being operated all over Europe by the Communist Parties in each country.
Communism in Europe was then too weak to achieve power of itself, so the Third International decided to use other workers' parties to achieve power. They succeeded in Spain. We know the results: thousands of priests murdered, hundreds of churches and convents burned and a bloody civil war.
SPANISH EPISODE
The "united front" tactics of the Republican Congress miscarried in Ireland. No political party would touch it, and the I.R.A. refused to have anything to do with it. But it must be remembered that the Communists did succeed in getting up to fifty misguided young Irishmen to go out to Spain and fight against the Spanish people, who were struggling to liberate themselves from the tyranny of Communism.
Many of these young Irishmen were Catholics who did not realise what they were doing. They were told that they were fighting for the Spanish Republic, against Fascism, and that they were saving "European democracy" from "barbarians."
These young men who were deluded into taking that disastrous course were those whom the Communists had contacted in the Republican movement, and who were misguided enough to take leadership from people sailing under false colours. All we can say of them is—they were misguided, duped. Many of them lost their lives in a rotten cause. God rest their souls.
The Spanish Civil War ended in victory for General Franco, early in 1939, and in September of that year World War No. 2 broke out.
In the meantime, the Soviet-German Pact had been signed, but prior to the signing the I.R.A. had launched a bomb campaign in England.
Before the Soviet-German Pact the Communists had been denouncing Hitler and all his works. They also denounced the I.R.A., and described them as "agents of German Fascism." This denunciation of extreme Republicans by the British Communist paper, "The Daily Worker," and its sub-organ, "The Irish Democrat," had the effect of making Republicans generally very anti-Communist, and also had the effect of weeding out all the Communists from the Republican movement.
The signing of the Soviet-German Pact in August changed the situation. In obedience to Moscow the Communists immediately changed their line. No longer did they talk of the "German beasts." The war was now an imperialist war, and no worker should have anything to do with it. Hitler and Stalin were now friends, and the Communists were again prepared to play ball with anyone who suited their purpose.
At this period three men, all of them students of Communism, came back from the Spanish front. They were: Michael O'Riordan of Cork, John Power of Waterford, and Patrick Smith of Dublin.
These men had all been members of the I.R.A. before they went to Spain. I

--- Page 6 ---
REDS AND I.R.A
Michael O'Riordan (of the Irish Workers' League) writes:—
My name have been mentioned very much in an article which appeared under the heading, "Irish Reds Used I.R.A.," in your issue of August 19, I submit the following misleading, inaccurate and scurrilous statements contained in the article.
Your readers will, I trust, have noted your correspondent's lack of courage, not to speak of personal decency, by withholding his identity from them as the author of an article in which he indulges in scurrility and abuse towards many individuals.
However, by now they will hardly be surprised, since it has been the practice of your journal for many years to give space to anonymous contributors to indulge in abuse, scurrility and inaccuracies concerning Labour, Republican and Left-wing organisations and individuals.
Your not-so-anonymous correspondent has written a very highly-coloured version of what took place in the Curragh Internment Camp for the purpose of inciting feeling, even violence and other harm, against a number of individuals. He has not only used anonymity and the columns of a journal noted for anything but its Republicanism, but he has also thrown to the winds that implicit Commandment: "Thou Shalt Not Bear False Witness."
To refer to a few inaccuracies in your "anonymous" correspondent's article: We read:
"About August, 1941, O'Riordan and company sent a telegram from the Camp which read: 'Internees at the Curragh support United Nations in struggle for Democracy.'"
This telegram, he says, was sent to the Soviet Embassy, London.
No such telegram was ever sent. This can be checked upon with the Military Authorities at the Curragh and with the Postmal authorities.
Your "anonymous" correspondent has twisted what was an individual action by me in writing to the monthly journal, "Irish Freedom." London, giving my views on the then world situation, for which I make no apology.
Although the views I expressed then were completely approved by my comrades of the Connolly Study Group, they were presented as my own personal opinions, not as those of a group, and most certainly not as those of the internees as a whole.
A written statement to that effect was made by me and circulated to my fellow internees.
"To say that we asked men to join the R.A.F. is a deliberate divention. Some internees on release did join, but they did so on the basis of a personal decision, their inability to get employment in most cases being the real reason. Some of those who did join the British forces were, in fact, close friends of your "anonymous" correspondent, were ardently pro-Nazi during their period of internment and opposed to our political views.
I do not deny that we came under the ban of ostracism for our activities, but that almost half of the camp suffered this ban, for various reasons, which I do not propose to enumerate? There were, in fact, at one time, two camps, each with its own camp council and o.c.c., or representative. Any external known this to be a truthful statement. Could your "anonymous" correspondent state that he escaped this ban?
It is with great reluctance that I refer to such happenings in the Curragh, as I hold that such internal differences of opinion concern only the men who were there, but I feel compelled, under the circumstances, to mention a minimum (unlike your correspondent) in order to show how ludicrous it was for him to mention ostracism in connection with myself and my friends. Obviously, it was intended to give still more colour to his ill-intentioned story.
I am sure that his article found no welcome response amongst genuine republicans. Many of them will "smell a rat" at such considerable space being allowed for an attack on ex-internees in the columns of a journal which was foremost in its support of the Blue-shirts and which has a long record of hostility to the militant Republican and Labour movements.
But they should not be surprised, since your "anonymous" correspondent
was one of a small group who forsook their Republican principles to embrace the anti-national creed of Nazism, visualising themselves as Gauleiters, as they witnessed what they regarded as the irresistible march of the Nazi conquerors across the face of Europe. With him and his friends it was not the case of "England's 'enemy' being Ireland's 'friend'." They simply utilised the traditional anti-British animosity as a camouflage for their personal ambitions and willingness to act as "quislings," actually applauding the blitz on Belfast and justifying the bombing of the North Strand.
With the crushing defeat of the Nazis by the Red Army, your anonymous correspondent and his friends saw their prospects of personal power dashed to pieces.
No wonder he bears a grudge against the Soviet Union.
In a sweeping statement your "anonymous" contributor refers to the defence of the Spanish Republic as a war against Christianity. It was nothing of the kind. That great Irish patriot and man of the people, the late Reverend Father Michael O'Flanagan and the famous French Catholic philosopher, Jacques Maricatin, who later became the French representative at the Vatican, were among the many leading Catholics all over the world who supported the Spanish Republican cause. Were they and the many others enemies of Christianity?
I am not concerned with the personal references about myself, but I very definitely resent the scurrilous remarks made about the gallant Irishmen who died fighting with the International Brigade. They are referred to as having died in a "rotten cause," as being "misguided," "deluded," and "duped."
More than 300 Irishmen fought in defence of the Spanish Republic and world democracy. Of this number over fifty were miserable battler. How dare your miserable "anonymous" correspondent slander the memory of men of the calibre of Frank Ryan, "Kit" Conway, Jack Nalty and the others. Those men gave the best years of their lives in sterling service to the Republican movement and the Irish people. Throughout their lives they struggled and fought, and in the end gave their all in defence of the noble cause of human freedom.
In the Ireland of the future our people will honour such men, as they will also honour the names of George Plant, Dick Goss, Joe Kavanagh and Barney Casey as men who gave their lives unselfishly for freedom.
I am proud to have been associated with all those brave men.
To conclude, I want to say that such attacks that have been made on me in your journal or may be made in my future will not weaken me in my political convictions or activities.
Our Special Correspondent replies:—
Michael O'Riordan of the Irish Workers' League tries to put me on a spot by calling me a Nazi. It won't work. This is an old Communist technique. If you don't agree with Communism you are a Nazi or a Fascist.
As a Catholic and a republican I was form of dictatorship as I am to the Russian, but at the same time I cathot blind my eyes to the fact that Russian materialistic conception of life, is opposed to all religion, and is the enemy of God.
As such I exposed the racket of the Communists in the Curragh; for that I have no apology to make.
Upon one point Mr. O'Riordan may be right. He says he did not send a telegram. He only sent a letter "giving his views on the world situation." Whether telegram or letter is was all the same. The text of the document was a misrepresentation of the position of 90% of the internees, and Mr. O'Riordan admits that he discussed this document with the Red group before sending it out, and th

--- Page 7 ---
Communist
Menace
In North
REJECTING a motion for the repeal of the Trades Disputes Act in the Northern Ireland Senate yesterday, Mr. H. C. Midgley, Minister of Labour, stated that Communist influences were at work in the trade union movement in Northern Ireland, and it was time that the movement was warned as to where it was going.
"There are people in it taking their dictation from countries outside the Commonwealth and using the movement in all parts of Ireland, and I know one national trade union at the present time which is honeycombed with Communists from top to bottom," he declared.
Stating that there was a movement on foot "to stir up feeling in the direction of a general strike in certain circumstances in Northern Ireland," Mr. Midgley alleged that the Belfast Trades Council also was honeycombed with Communist influences. "In practically every walk of life in Belfast to-day, in every estate of the community, there are at least one or two representatives of the Communist ideology," he declared.
The motion was defeated without a division.
RAIL LOSSES
In the Commons Mr. Andrews (U.) asked the Prime Minister whether, in view of the inadequacy of the bus services proposed to be substituted for the rail services between Comber and Newcastle as from January 16th, and the consequent inconvenience which will be caused to the public, he would take steps to postpone the discontinuance of traffic on the railway line until the whole question of how the losses not only on the Northern Ireland railways, but also those incurred in Great Britain were to be dealt with has been settled.
The Prime Minister, in reply, said he had no reason to suppose that the road services which would be provided by the Ulster Transport Authority as an alternative to the railway services would be inadequate or that serious inconvenience would
be caused to the public. These matters were examined at some length by the Tribunal established under the Transport Act recently passed by Parliament, and he had no power to interfere with the order made by that Tribunal.
MEANS TEST
Amending legislation may have to be introduced to abolish the means test in regard to pupils who pass the grammar schools' qualifying examination, Dame Dehra Parker, Minister of Health and Local Government, told the House. She added that it was hoped it might be possible to bring the change into effect as from the beginning of next school year, August 1st.
Replying to Major Neill (U.) on behalf of Colonel Hall-Thompson, the Minister of Education, she said that on December 20th the Minister of Education stated that the Government had decided, in principle, to abolish the means test, which was at present applied to the amount of tuition fees and the cost of books and school requisites for qualified pupils in grammar schools.
FARMERS' GRANTS
The covenant in respect of grants to farmers for reconditioning and building houses, under the Housing on Farms Act is to be waived, Dame Dehra Parker announced when Unionist back benchers sponsored a motion calling for amendments to the Act, "with a view to easing the onerous conditions at present attached to the grants."
Dame Dehra Parker said she would do everything possible to make the conditions under which grants were obtained easier, and she was proposing to reduce the statutory conditions in respect of reconditioning costs from 10 to five years.
Mr. Minford (U.), who proposed the motion, said the covenant was an iniquitous thing and bound a farmer who had got a £200 grant for 10 years, in which he could not raise or borrow money on his farm.

--- Page 8 ---
Committee strength in Respect.
Difficult to estimate
There is a C.P. which the most prominent members are:
Sean Murray
Malachy Gray
W. M. Cullough
Julian Prendergart (and Mr. Julia P.)
Betty Sinclair
There is an 'International' Book shop in church Lane which seems to cleaning house of public propaganda, but is actually a very doubty place, and deals in every kind of book at extortionate prices for birth second hand stuff. It has a considerable section of religious books.
The C.P. as such has been quiet lately, but it holds public meetings - generally opened.
But its real strength appears to be in
the follow-travellers. Harbor of Catholicism is very to far especially among 'legend' Predictorians and C. of J.' So there is, In tell a group of 'f.t.' who will on all occasions point to the Egyptian of the church. But the same religious element amongst now- (other dies appears also to prevent sholesale conversion to the C.P.
On the very bar authority, are first hand, I'm told there is a long list of people who are not member of the C.P. but are in close toach with it in one way or another and can be relied on by the C.P. for information etc. when necessary. These are largely civil servants, B/S e. etc., people.
There are a number of people who were ence C.P. members openly and are still popularly regarded as those affiliation but are as now-member agents.

--- Page 9 ---
Three-week Soviet tour
Who sent Dublin
Sunday Press 29. X. 50woman to Russia?
(By Our Special Correspondent)
SOME days ago, listening to Radio Moscow, I was very surprised to hear that an Irish woman "delegate" from Dublin was among the "British women's delegation" who made a three-week tour of the Soviet Union.
The "Soviet Weekly," sponsored by the Soviet Embassy in London, in last issue of October 26, has thrown more light upon the trip. The Irish "delegate" is described as Mrs. Hilda Verlin—Dublin housewife and journalist.
The report of the trip to Russia, as published by the "Soviet Weekly," begins:
"Sixteen English, Scots, and Irish women—housewives, mothers, professional women, factory workers—returned last week from a three-week tour of the Soviet Union determined to tell the truth about what they had seen."
The "delegation" secretary was Miss Muriel Coult, Assistant Secretary of the Civil Service Clerical Association.
The "Soviet Weekly" has published a long "agreed statement issued by the delegation. It is identical with that which they issued to a Moscow press conference, before they left."
If Mrs. Hilda Verlin made a trip to the Soviet Union as a private person, few in Ireland would perhaps object. People would only wonder perhaps that Mrs. Verlin managed to get the Soviet visa.
But Mrs. Hilda Verlin's trip to Soviet Russia has assumed a different aspect, when the powerful Soviet propaganda machine has been using her name in order to create the impression that she has been the delegate from Dublin, sent to Russia by some influential Irish women's organisation.
The Soviet press and radio (and also the propaganda of the satellite States) has given great publicity to the trip of "16 delegates" of the "British women's delegation."
I have, however, been unable to find out from the text of the statement, published in "Soviet Weekly," to which Irish organisation or society Mrs. Verlin belongs, and which organisation elected her as representative and sent her to Moscow. In which capacity did Mrs. Verlin sign the "agreed statement"?
Mrs. Verlin and her colleagues from Britain say of the Communist regime:
"Our delegation realises acutely how completely the lives and feelings of the Soviet people are misrepresented in the information given by various newspapers and speakers in Britain." Here it is at the end of the "agreed statement":
"As a delegation, we recognise our responsibility to report all we have seen and experienced in the Soviet Union. On our return we are determined to give as widely as possible a true picture of life in the Soviet Union."

--- Page 10 ---
MRS VERLIN SAYS SHE DID NOT
"REPRESENT" IRISH WOMEN IN RUSSIA
Mrs. Hilda Verlin, 27 Fitzwilliam square, writes in a letter to the Editor:—
My attention has been drawn to comments in your issue of 29th September regarding my visit to the Soviet Union.
Grave misunderstandings have arisen from the impression created both in that article and in your feature entitled "Commentary" that I went on the trip representing Irish women at home and abroad. This is absolutely wrong.
I went solely in my capacity as honorary organising secretary of the Irish-U.S.S.R. Society, and at no stage was I otherwise represented.
Your "Commentary" is particularly misguided. I wish it known
that, although my name is not Irish, I am, in fact, Irish-born and bred, and have lived all my life in Ireland.
Regarding my membership of the Irish Countrywomen's Association, it should be noted that at the time of my departure from Dublin I was a paid-up member of the town branch of the Association, and I possess a receipt for subscription paid last June. It seems that the branch treasurer and her receipt book were not available when the matter was questioned. Now, due to the misunderstandings created, I am resigning from the Association, the aims of which I have long believed in and supported.
The honorary secretary of the International Friendship League
has dealt satisfactorily with the erroneous suggestion made that the League was Communist or a "fellow-traveller," but I would like to reiterate that my going to the Soviet Union had nothing whatsoever to do with the I.F.L.
Further, the Irish-U.S.S.R. Society is not a Communist organisation, either. It aims to promote understanding between Irish and Soviet peoples. Obviously, the best way of getting to know people is to visit them in their own home. This I did, when I got the chance. During a three-week tour I visited Moscow, Stalingrad, Kiev and Yalta, where I moved amongst thousands of ordinary folk in factories, schools, hospitals, theatres, etc.
I should welcome an opportunity to report on my experiences to any person or group who would invite me to give a talk—provided, of course, that I received the same courtesy as was afforded me when I told my Soviet friends about Ireland.
[We are glad to have Mrs. Verlin's denial that she claimed to be an "Irish delegate" when she visited Russia, and trust that her "Soviet friends" will be as careful in interpreting her status on both sides of the Iron Curtain, and in explaining that, though born and bred in Ireland, she holds views on the Soviet system utterly at variance with those of ninety-nine per cent. of the Irish of all creeds and political traditions.—EDMON.]

--- Page 11 ---
RED DELEGATES WELCOMED
A meeting attended by many thousands of people was held on Sunday, 10th September, 1950, at Abbey Street, Dublin, by The Dublin Citizens' Protest Committee, to protest against the official welcome accorded to the members of the Spanish Republican and Yugo-Slav delegations at the 39th Conference of the Inter-Parliamentary Union, then in session in Dublin. The meeting was addressed by a number of speakers. Hymns were sung by the large crowd and the Rosary was recited. The following Resolution was passed with acclamation:
"That we Irish Catholics, proclaiming our allegiance to Christ the King and to our Holy Mother the Church, declare that the presence of Atheistic Communists in Dublin for the Inter-Parliamentary Union Conference is intolerable and we further declare that those of our elected representatives who have received them, have alienated themselves from their people and have betrayed the trust placed in them."
And we demand from the perpetrators of this insult to our Faith and Country a public apology for their action and that they restore the national dignity by the immediate expulsion of these Christ-haters and persecutors of His Church and we demand an assurance that the hateful action of admitting Communists into this, our country, shall not be repeated."
The so-called "Republican Government of Spain in Exile" was formed in August, 1945, with Biarro, Masonic Grand Master of the Spanish Grand Orient as Provisional President. Among the "delegates" in Dublin, were Dr. Juan Negrin and Julio Alvarez del Vayo. These men and their associates were responsible for the terrible persecution of the Church in Spain in the 1930's, a diabolical conspiracy to obliterate all traces of the Christian religion in Spain, as Pope Pius XI described it. Twenty thousand Churches were burned in many of which the Sacred Host was profaned. Statues of Christ were "executed" by firing squads. Thirteen Bishops, 11,000 Priests, Sisters and Brothers, together with 500,000 lay persons were murdered. The present Holy Father, Pope Pius XII pointed out in a Broadcast to Spain (16th April, 1939), that the perpetrators of these outrages "were in reality fighting for atheism" in the Spanish Civil War. Yet Negrin and del Vayo were welcomed among the other delegates to the Conference by the Head of the Irish Government and the Leader of the Opposition. The delegates from Tito's Yugo-Slavia which has imprisoned Archbishop Stepinac and continues its persecution of the Church were also among those welcomed. The Yugo-Slavs present were: Vladimer Simith A. Sebb, head of the delegation and President of the Federal Assembly, Dr. Ivo Andritch, a Croat and Madame Lidiga Chentjourc, a Slovene. The last two are members of the Yugo-Slav Communist Party.

--- Page 12 ---
Irish Workers' Voice
Nov. 1950
TERENCE WOULD HAVE BEEN VERY DISAPPOINTED
"IRISH WORKERS' VOICE" REPORTER
I RECENTLY had a long and very interesting chat with Mrs. Muriel MacSweney, widow of Terence MacSweney, who died in Brixton Prison on October 25, 1920, after 73 days on hunger strike. Living in exile for many years in Germany, U.S.A. and Paris, Mrs. MacSweney came to stay here some weeks ago.
Quietly, and in a manner that suggested a failing memory, she recalled the main facts of Terence's life and the historic events that formed the background to his splen-
her husband had always been a democrat with a strong fellow-feeling for the masses. "He belonged to a very poor family, and never forgot it!" she declared. His way of life at all times was extremely simple and self-sacrificing. While working in O'Dwyer's factory, he once organised and won a strike.
The Cork Volunteers were composed mainly of working class people, small farmers and struggling shop-keepers, and a healthy social spirit prevailed among them, especially as practically all the industrialists and the clergy of all denominations as well as the wealthier business men and farmers, whether Catholic or Protestant, were staunch supporters of British imperialism. MacSweney himself heartily ap-
did work for Irish freedom. He started work at 15, and later became an accountant in O'Dwyer's in Cork. He spent a lot of his time in intensive home study. He later secured a position as a travelling technical teacher. This pleased him very much as it gave him great opportunities for organising the Volunteers in County Cork.
One of the chief leaders in the Cork Volunteers, he was arrested with many others at Easter, 1916, before they could strike a blow. This forestalling of the Rising in Cork was partly due to the joint collaboration of the Lord Mayor and the Auxiliary-Bishop in Cork with the British military authorities. Elected to Dail Eireann in 1918, he later assumed the office of Lord Mayor of Cork, to succeed Thomas MacCurtain, who was murdered by the Black and Tans in 1920.
Mrs. MacSweney emphasised that
HOW THE IRISH WORKERS GREETED THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION
Russian Republic Reception
MASS MEETING
In the Round Room, Mansion House, on Monday, February 4, at 8 p.m. (To congratulate the Russian people on the triumph they have won for democratic principles.)
Speakers: Wm. O'Brien, Madame Markievitz, Thomas Foran, Maude Gonne, Cathal O'Shannon, Mrs. Connery, P. Coates, J. J. Hughes and some Russian Bolsheviks.
Russia recognises Ireland—
Ireland responds to Russia.
—Notice of public meeting called to celebrate the Revolution in October, 1917.
MACSWINEY SAID:
"If Ireland has to win freedom by helping directly or indirectly to crush another people she would earn the execration she has herself poured out on tyranny."
proved of Jim Larkin's work of organising the Irish labouring masses.
Mrs. MacSweney recalled the remarkable literary work which this self-taught man was able to accomplish during his short but very active life. His works include the famous collection of political essays "Principles of Freedom"; several plays including "The Revolutionist" (performed in the Abbey Theatre in 1921), and many poems. He wrote a considerable amount in Irish too. He also managed to keep a small paper going for a few months in the year 1914. This was called "Fianna Fail".
Asked how, in her opinion, her husband would have felt about present-day Ireland, she at first replied by quoting a statement of MacSweney's made in 1911: "if we learn no lesson from the mistakes of nations and live no better life than the great powers, we shall have missed a golden opportunity and shall be one of the failures of history". And then she added "if he were alive today, he would be very disappointed indeed!"

--- Page 13 ---
(W. V. Nov. 1960)
Selected Works of
KARL MARX and
FREDERICK ENGELS
Two Volumes
Reduced to 6s. 6d. each vol.
The Writings of James
Connolly:
LABOUR IN IRELAND
Bound edition, 7s. 6d.; paper,
2s. 6d.
SOCIALISM AND
NATIONALISM, LABOUR
AND EASTER WEEK
7s. 6d. each vol.
IRELAND HER OWN
By T. A. Jackson
Now Reduced to 10s. 6d.
Get your copy of "Irish
Workers' Voice" regularly at
NEW BOOKS,
160 Pearse Street, Dublin

--- Page 14 ---
VOICE OF THE RICH
Religious Journal's Dirty Record
THE IRISH CATHOLIC, published in Dublin, is a weekly journal which claims to be an organ of Irish Catholic opinion. It is nothing of the kind. It is a mouthpiece of anti-national, anti-Labour opinion, using religion as a cloak. This has been its function since its foundation 62 years ago.
William "Murder" Murphy, as the late Jim Larkin often referred to the man who led the Dublin employers against the Dublin workers in the 1913 lock-out, was a benefactor of the so-called IRISH CATHOLIC. He was a very religious man, was Mr. William Martin Murphy. Rather than concede the workers the right to join the Trade Union of their choice he organised his fellow capitalist robbers to lock-out and starve thousands of Dublin workers, their wives and children for four months.
The Dublin workers had to tighten their belts; they felt the pinch of hunger. But, thanks to the solidarity of their fellow workers in Britain and the magnificent support of all decent-minded people in Ireland, they did not starve. But two of their number—Byrne and Nolan—were brutally murdered by the batons of drink-sodden police, and dozens of others went to jail.
The so-called IRISH CATHOLIC was bitterly hostile to the workers in 1913.
On all important occasions since 1913 the so-called IRISH CATHOLIC never failed to support English Imperialism, Irish capitalism or local and international Fascism. Anything that might advance the national interests of the Irish nation or the social welfare of the Irish people must be proclaimed to be anathema, "irreligious," etc. Such has been its unchanging policy.
Some day the Irish people will realise that their religion is being used for the basest motives, as a cloak for those who have but one concern—to preserve the privileges of the rich.
From the moment the Irish Workers' League was founded ten months ago, this so-called religious journal has devoted considerable space to a campaign of misrepresentation and incitement.
Its months-old campaign bore fruit on Sunday, July 17, when at the conclusion of a public meeting of the Irish Workers' League at Abbey Street, Dublin, the hooligans and knuckle-duster merchants came into action, some of our members being brutally attacked, one of them receiving a serious eye injury from the blow of a belt buckle, necessitating him being detained at Jervis Street Hospital for three weeks.
All mention of this brutal attack on a young Irish worker was conveniently suppressed in the daily Press. And it took the so-called IRISH CATHOLIC three weeks to deliver a "reprimand" to those who at Abbey Street were over enthusiastic in translating into practice the hatred which its propaganda had engendered against the Irish Workers' League.
For the benefit of those who were misled by the so-called IRISH CATHOLIC and the other spokesmen of reaction to attack our public meeting, we quote, in part, its attempt to wipe its hands clean of responsibility.
"There is no excuse for any Catholics who adopt . . . . mob violence practice. . . .
"The middle-aged man (he was not so middle-aged) who . . . used the buckle of his belt on some of the Marxists, yelling hysterically that he was an adjectived Catholic, was not serving any Catholic cause.
"The hysterical citizen who punched police officers as well as
comrades and Marxists should not attend any more Marxist meetings."
Bearing in mind the other parts of the article from which we have quoted, we are not deceived by the belated and insincere reprimand which the so-called IRISH CATHOLIC has felt compelled to deliver to its over enthusiastic friends.
Now, as always, this phoney religious journal is a mouthpiece of reaction. Today it howls against the Irish Workers' League and Socialism; yesterday it howled against Republicanism and national freedom.
We have only to recall what the miserable creature who occupied the
By SEAN NOLAN
Editor's chair of that journal had to say of the Easter Week Uprising, led by Pardaig Pearse, Tom Clarke and the others, when in "Notes and Comments" in the issue of May 13, 1916, he wrote:
"All the signatories of the document proclaiming the Sinn Fein Republic have been executed—with the exception of Connolly. Amongst those was the self-nominated President, Pearse . . . Pearse was a man of ill-balanced mind, if not actually insane, and the idea of selecting him as chief magistrate of an Irish Republic is quite enough to create serious doubts as to the sanity of those who approved of it. . . . A large number of the unfortunate dupes of the plotters of a monstrous outbreak have been
sentenced to various terms of imprisonment."
Fearing he had not said enough to please his vice-regal masters, he wrote an Editorial article the following week (May 20, 1916), in which we read:
"What was attempted was an act of brigandage pure and simple, and there is no reason to lament that its perpetrators have met the fate which from the very dawn of humanity has been universally reserved for traitors. . . . We need say no more, but to say less would be traitorous to the highest and holiest interests of Ireland."
Your predecessor was not traitorous to English imperialist interests at that time. And now, no doubt, Mr. Sheehy, it serves the "highest and holiest interests of Ireland" to slander and misrepresent the Irish Workers' League, and anyone who dares to say that the system of capitalist robbery and private profit-making is wrong, that it is doomed and is being replaced by Socialism. To-day Republicanism is accepted by the majority of the Irish people. The old Castle hacks, the vice-regal flunkeys and those who would deny even the right of a worker to belong to a Trade Union are gone—and they are not mourned. Socialism is victorious in many parts of the world to-day; and the teachings of James Connolly shall also become a reality in Ireland.
And then the religion of our people shall not be the political plaything of racketeers, gombeen men and the stooges of international Fascism and reaction.
Published by Irish Workers' League, Dublin, and printed by Abbey Press, Bangor, Co. Down, Ireland.

--- Page 15 ---
BISHOP OF GALWAY UNEARTHS
A "COMMUNIST" PLOT
SOME weeks ago a very local dispute was figuring prominently in all the national newspapers. The facts of this dispute—which was between Dr. Browne, Bishop of Galway, and the Corporation of Galway City—are well worth recalling. It all concerned the site for a proposed new school. When the Corporation announced that the site in question was condemned in the interest of traffic safety and public health, Dr. Browne in a special sermon in the Cathedral made a strong attack on that body
By MICHAEL O'RIORDAN
and the City Manager, and accused them of obstructing him in the discharge of his ecclesiastical duty.
That attack was but the beginning of a wholesale campaign of intimidation. The local confraternities were mobilised and all of them passed a similarly worded resolution which condemned the Corporation.
Associated with the resolution and the whole campaign were the Knights of Columbanus, that powerful secret society which has in its circles members of the past and present Governments, leaders of the employers and of Trade Union organisations, and even a very prominent Republican.
Correspondence between the Bishop and the Mayor was published in the Press. In his letters, Dr. Browne introduced the issue of "Communism". He said:—
"There is no need for me to assure you that I do not regard you, or the manager, or any member of the Corporation as a Communist, but", he
went on to say, "the things you are doing are precisely the pretexts made use of by anti-Church elements in other countries".
The connection between both statements undoubtedly conveys the impression that the solid Galwegian Councillors are in some way under Communist influence. That strongly implied allegation was sufficient to make the Mayor and the others do a complete 'volte face', because they knew that it is possible in the course of a consistent campaign of misrepresentation to cripple an opponent politically by even indirectly hinting that he has some connection with the Communists.
The Mayor in a written public
statement apologised most humbly for his "honest and independent judgment on a matter of public concern" that involved "technical and professional considerations", and even added that the matters in question, i.e., traffic safety and public health, come within the scope of "the duties and powers of his (the Bishop's) sacred office".
The Council refused to publish the City Manager's statement, in which he defended his opposition to the particular site and answered some of the Bishop's comments. The Manager, himself, was prevailed upon not to send his statement to the newspapers, as he had threatened to do, if the Council should decide not to publish it publicly.

--- Page 16 ---
Irish Workers' League Protests
Against Hooligan Attacks
Statement Refused Publication in Dublin Press
The following statement was sent to all the Dublin morning and evening papers on July 26, but it was denied publication by all of them.
IN reply to a question in the Daily recently, concerning the activities of the Irish Workers' League, the Minister for Justice stated that Article 40 of the Constitution guaranteed freedom of speech and assembly, and the right to form associations and unions, subject to public order and morality.
Despite the fact that neither the policy nor activities of the Irish Workers' League have been proclaimed as being contrary to the laws of the State, or harmful to public order or morality, an organised conspiracy is at work to deny our organisation and its members their democratic rights.
The "Sunday Independent" and other organs of opinion have published malicious information about us and there has resulted, among other things, acts of mob violence against our public meetings and members.
ATTACKS PLANNED.
There was justifiable indignation in the Twenty-Six Counties last February when, during the General Election in Northern Ireland the Belfast Tories organised mob violence against their opponents. Indignant protests were made at that time against the lack of democracy in the North, yet the very same undemocratic attacks on free speech and assembly are now being employed and encouraged against the Irish Workers' League.
ARRESTS—OF VICTIMS!
Not only is mob violence incited against us, but printers and owners of premises have been intimidated against printing our monthly journal or allowing us the use of meeting places. Even the use of premises for holding social activities have been denied to us.
Yielding to this undemocratic, blackmailing campaign, the Dublin municipal authorities refused us the renting of the citizens' meeting hall, the Mansion House.
Members of our organisation have been dismissed from their employment because of their political affiliations and others are being subjected to hostile acts at their place of residence.
Our recent public meetings have been attacked by organised gangs and physical violence used against our members, in one case necessitating a
member being detained in hospital for some weeks for an eye injury caused by a blow from the buckle of a belt.
Not one of those who attacked our meetings have been taken into custody; on the contrary, on two different occasions, two of our members have been arrested, brought before the courts and convicted, in one case a fine being imposed. Convicted for what? Because they protected themselves against physical violence.
If this is official policy, then the fundamental rights contained in the Constitution are being reduced to a mockery and a farce.
We are certain that the overwhelming majority of the citizens of Dublin abhor and are disgusted with the recent displays of lawlessness. Such displays, however, are organised under the cloak of a "defence of religion," which has not been and under no circumstances will be attacked by any member of the Irish Workers' League. We are also certain that his Grace the Archbishop of Dublin deplores the recent acts of lawlessness in our capital and that he shares the view of the majority of the citizens that such acts disgrace the good name of our city. A statement from the Archbishop warning against such acts of lawlessness would contribute much to promoting respect for the democratic rights of free speech and assembly as set forth in the Constitution.
The Irish Workers' League calls on all workers and citizens to support its fight for freedom of speech and assembly. The present campaign against our organisation is but part of a reactionary effort to undermine the working class and trade union movements, and is designed to divert the attention of the workers from the social ills of our time—bad housing, unemployment, high prices, inadequate health services, etc.
We stand for a free, prosperous and united country, for decent homes, wages and working conditions for all citizens. Those who seek to stifle our voice are opposed to these things and are now, as they have always been, enemies of everything progressive and decent.
Let the workers be warned against the reactionary propagandists who employ false slogans and catcheries to cover up their real purpose—to preserve the privileges of the rich.
DENIS WALSHE, Chairman.
SEAN NOLAN, Secretary
Irish Workers' League.

--- Page 17 ---
EVENING MAIL 11/4/51.
Mother & Child
Bill Crisis
Give the Public the Facts
Hear What This Scheme
PROPOSES AND DEMANDS
Full Public Discussion before
Final Decision
A PUBLIC MEETING
On Thursday, April 12
At 8.30 p.m.
See to-morrow's Papers for
Place of Meeting.
The Meeting is sponsored by 100
women including:
Mrs. Tom Kettle, Mrs. Ernest
Woods, Miss Louie Bennett, Mrs.
A. Skeffington, Mrs. Sean Keating,
Miss Rosemund Jacob, Mrs.
Patricia Ruston, Miss Helen
Chevenix, Mrs. P. O'Hegarty, Mrs.
H. Tweedy, etc.
The Speakers will include: Dr.
Betty O'Shea, Dr. Michael French
Carroll, C. Gore Grimes, Esq., etc.

--- Page 18 ---
COMMUNISTS' BID FOR POWER
Fellow-workers at this time of the year all our minds should be turned to the Annual Branch Elections. As you know we get the opportunity at these elections every year to put in the men we consider best-fitted to look after our affairs. It is on this point many of us may differ as to who is best fitted to look after our affairs on the committee, but surely we all agree who should be kept out of it. Yes certainly, as staunch Catholics we must do all in our power to keep the REDS OUT. I used the word must because as Catholic Trade Unionists it is your duty to stop these RED AGENTS from turning our precious little country into another Bulgaria or Hungary or like many other countries which are gradually becoming slaves to the RED MENACE. I am sure it is no surprise to you to learn that we have these RED AGENTS here in this job, yes, and they will contest the coming elections. These men have a job to do here in this country and it is more than coincidence that we find some of them in this major industry of TRANSPORT. These agents have shown by their tactics in other countries that the major industries are their first targets, dockers, miners and transport men in these other countries have found that out to their grief. While working to further their cause they don't mind what ruse or deceit they use so long as it helps the cause. It could be better understood by quoting Douglas Hyde, a man who was a Communist for twenty years before he saw through it "For me it was work for Communism which includes the destruction of all religion and as a militant Atheist I had no illusions about what I would do with them when the revolution came". You may say that these men that are so branded appear to you as being very nice and decent hardworking men but that is part of the deceit. If these men adopted an unfriendly and aggressive attitude they would never become popular and naturally in their position they must become popular at all cost. I am not criticising them as individuals but as members of the COMMUNIST CLIQUE. We must as
WORDS OF ADVICE
N'T VOTE FOR ANYONE WHO LENT HIMSELF TO THE MASS-MURDER OF MUNS AND PRIESTS IN SPAIN.
N'T VOTE FOR ANY MEMBER OF THE IRISH WORKERS LEAGUE.
N'T VOTE FOR ANYONE WHO CONTRIBUTES TO THE COMMUNIST PAPER "THE IRISH WORKERS VOICE".
N'T READ "THE IRISH WORKER'S VOICE".
Issued by Conductor Larry Whitehead.

--- Page 19 ---
The annual general meeting of the number 9. branch Irish Transport and General Workers Union was held in Liberty Hall on the 28th March 1951. At this meeting the acting-secretary Mr. Patrick Dooley introduced the subject of communism for no apparent reason. He went on to say that around election-time generally particular candidates are spoken about as being reds just because they raise their voices to fight for workers' rights. He said that this kind of slander was very wong and that he hoped it would not occur at the next election which was two weeks away. In concluding his speaking address he made what to my mind was a videous statement, he said he doubted if there was a real communist in the country. I thought that the adoption of this line by this responsible official two weeks as it was before the election was of great benefit to these reds in the job, and the doubt he left in the minds of some of the men by his inaccurate assertions prompted me to examine the communist situation as I saw it in the job. We have working among us two professed Marxists and one thotskyite, the marxists are Michael O'Riordan and Larry Wright while Joseph Tahy is the disciple of Tootsky. Michael O'Riordan is at present a conductor in the Dublin-litty services of C.I.E. having been transferred from book nearly five years ago, and since then he and Larry Wright have issued pamphlets grainly to the job on various occasions. Larry Wright is an old-hand in the job compared to Riordan and he admits to being associated with Riordan prior to Riordan's transfer from book. Before Riordan's time Wright was always witten-off in the job as a communist but was never considered to be of any consequence. Riordan on the other hand was only eighteen months in Dublin when he was elected on to the Branch Committee and he was only twelve months in the city when he literally ran the strike-committee. I remember a mass-meeting held in the Olympia Theatre during that strike and almost every man there was clamouring for Riordan and addressing the hall h
11
by the strikers and he proposed marching on Leinster House led by the Labour D.D.s. This was a sample of Riordan doing the kind of work that I hold his kind are here to do that is to stir up as much touble as possible.
In Joseph Tahy we have a self professed atheist and Tootskyite who denies being a communist. Tahy is no ally of Riordan and on several occasion has made known to me his desire to meet Riordan in debate in order to prove to Riordan who is is right, Tahy naturally claiming that he is. Tahy takes his socialism and his party (he said Party) every serious and he says he spends his space time in libraries seeking further knowledge of what he considers the only way of life for the working-class. He considers himself a very well-read man on this particular study of socialism.
These three men mentioned do not go around spending the church or its representatives but unfortunately there are too many buke-warm catholics in the job prepared to do this kind of thing and thereby making things easy for these reds. The unfortunate feature of our job in the apathy appearing to trade-union affairs for example thirteen men attended the last general meeting and there are between two and three thousand in our section of the job. Then there is generally a poor selection of candidates going forward at election-time with the result that some men are so fed up with the lot that they don't do their note at all. In one particular garage at the election held last week three hundred and fifty men failed to vote and with this apathy in the job it is easy to understand how hard it is to keep the reds out. To make matters worse there are staunch catholics and C.I.E. sociality members amongst us who have been spectacularly warned by our spiritual director of the dangers to be expected with a communist element in the job and yet these men feel that the communist threat is not serious. Some of these men vote for Riordan because they say "he is a smart fellow" and that when he gets out of step "we can shift him". The ordinary man in the job feels
that seligion has nothing to do with union affairs and you would be amazed at some of the men who say "Riordan is a great man, a decent fellow, we want the liker of him on the committee, seligion has nothing to do with it."
You will notice that I have discussed Riordan more than anyone else but I feel he is the biggest obstacle in driving communism from our ranks. He is reputed to be a very clever fellow, he is a great platform man and at union meetings his suggestions and proposals are always in the best interest of men. (to satisfactory appearance). By studying him one would realize that these are the best their he could adopt, but unfortunately there are too many who will not stop to study him, but they'll cheer and be gulled by a self-professed disciple of Karl Marx.

--- Page 20 ---
Workers' League Have
Dail Candidate
Mr. Sean Nolan, Secretary, Irish Workers' League, 16A Pearse Street, Dublin, in a supplied statement says that the Irish Workers' League will nominate its National Chairman, Mr. Michael O'Riordan, as a candidate for the Dail Elections for Dublin S.W. Mr. O'Riordan is a city bus conductor. He contested the elections for Cork Corporation in 1945, and also contested a Dail by-election in 1946, securing over 3,800 first preference votes.
The decision to nominate Mr. O'Riordan was enthusiastically endorsed by a well-attended meeting of supporters held in Dublin. Mr. O'Riordan said his policy in the elections would be to put before the people the real social and political questions.

--- Page 21 ---
MAY 1951
SUPPORT MICHAEL O'RIORDAN IN SOUTH - WEST DUBLIN
This week-end we honour the memory of James Connolly, Ireland's first Socialist martyr. Connolly's life was devoted to the cause of Labour and to the cause of Ireland. We salute his memory, and those who are sincere resolve to bring nearer the day when all that he fought and died for will be achieved.
On this occasion the Connolly Commemoration takes place in the midst of a General Election. One candidate will offer himself in a Dublin constituency who can truly claim to stand for every working class, Socialist and national principle on which James Connolly based his whole life.
THAT CANDIDATE IS MICHAEL O'RIORDAN. HE CONTESTS DUBLIN SOUTH-WEST AS THE REPRESENTATIVE OF THE IRISH WORKERS' LEAGUE.
He will be the only candidate in Dublin and the whole of Ireland who will put before the people the real issues in these elections. He will cut through and expose the shadowboxing between the parties: the issue is not whether the country should have an Inter-Party Government or a Single-Party Government.
Michael O'Riordan, bus conductor, member of the I.T.G.W.U., will, in these elections, ask the electors of Dublin South-West to support the following Programme:-
I. IRELAND FREE AND UNITED. NO WAR PACTS OR MILITARY ALLIANCES. NO WAR BASES FOR THE IMPERIALISTS.2. FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH ALL NATIONS.3. IMPROVED LIVING STANDARDS FOR ALL PEOPLE WHO WORK. EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF PRICES AND PROFITS.4. FULL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATION'S RESOURCES FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE IRISH PEOPLE, AND NOT FOR THE WEALTHY FEW.5. FREEDOM OF SPEECH, PEACEFUL ASSEMBLY and DEMOCRATIC RIGHTS.6. FOR A MILITANT WORKING CLASS MOVEMENT, BASED ON THE SOCIALIST PRINCIPLES OF JAMES CONNOLLY.
Michael O'Riordan calls on all trade unionists and followers of the teachings of James Connolly to support him in these elections. He is the only candidate who seriously challenges the vested and reactionary interests. He boldly declares his support for immediate increases for the old age, widows, and orphans and blind pensions; a mother and child welfare scheme without a means test; decent houses for all workers at fair rents; wages and conditions at trade union rates for all workers, and, above all, no alliances with the imperialist enemies of the country.
Between now and May 30, do your duty as workers, as trade unionists. Work and vote for O'Riordan and the policy of the Irish Workers' League.
Published and printed by the Candidate, Hinchoge, Carrickrines.

--- Page 22 ---
Tournakeady Men
Who Shouted
"Up Communism"
(From Our Correspondent)
Clarenorris.
HOW a crowd of men gathered outside St. Mary's Parochial Hall, Tournakeady, shouting "up Communism" and "it's time Stalin was here," was related at Ballinrobe Court, when 16 local youths were charged with intimidating Rev. A. Fair, C.C., and assaulting Matt Melia, Murrisk.
Evidence by Guard Gallagher was that two of the defendants had been previously debarred from the hall.
On the night in question Father Fair refused to admit them to the dance. A crowd of about 40 people then gathered outside shouting: "Up Communism" and "It's time Stalin was here." They became violent.
Sergt. Manning said that two men refused to leave the dance hall door when Father Fair requested them. They told the priest that if he did not let them in there would be more outside the hall than inside it.
CROSS-EXAMINED
Mr. J. Maguire (defending)—By what authority did Father Fair ask them to leave?—They were interfering with people coming to the dance, and he was in charge of the hall.
Mr. Maguire said the licence for the hall was held by a man named Hydon and he was the only person entitled in law to contract the hall. "Father Fair had no more authority to tell those people to go away than I had," Mr. Maguire added.
Sergt. Manning—I would have interfered myself because they were interfering with the people.
Mr. Maguire—And what authority would you have to go on to private property without the owner's invitation?
Sergeant—I would go on to private property anywhere to prevent a breach of the peace.
Mr. Maguire—With the owner's invitation?—Yes.
When District Justice Coyne expressed surprise at the line being taken by the defence, and so he would have to take his own view, Mr. Maguire said: "I cannot submit to people being convicted of an offence of which there is no evidence."
PAROCHIAL HALL
Justice—It is a parochial hall and the priest has some say in it.
Mr. Maguire—Obviously he has, but one would expect that the licensed owner is the person who would take charge under the priest.
On being told that everything was now quiet, but that the men had not since apologised to the Priest, the Justice said: "That's what I don't like about it."
Mr. Maguire—After getting three summonses each they didn't feel like going to see Father Fair about it.
On the defendants giving an undertaking not to repeat the offence, the Justice dismissed the charges on payment by defendants of three shillings each towards expenses.

--- Page 23 ---
People Told Not
To Vote for Irish
Workers' League
Sermons preached in several churches in the south-west Dublin constituency yesterday referred to the entry of an Irish Workers' League candidate for the general election. The congregations were warned by the priests not to vote for the League candidate.
The candidate nominated by the League is Mr. Michael O'Riordan, a 33-year-old Dublin bus conductor, who fought a by-election as a Socialist candidate in Cork in 1946 and polled nearly 4,000 votes.
In his election manifesto he states that he stands for a free, united Ireland; for no war pacts or military alliances, and for friendly relations with all nations; for effective control of prices and profits; for increased pensions and benefits for the old people, widows and orphans and the sick. Stating that the League want free medical services without a means test, the manifesto also urges the fullest development of the nation's resources "for the benefit of the people and not of the wealthy few."

--- Page 24 ---
URGENT CALL FOR WORKERS FOR MICHAEL O'RIORDAN'S ELECTION CAMPAIGN
COPY.
May, 14th, 1951.
The writing or 30,000 Election addresses must be completed in the next seven days. It's a big job, but it can be done - it must be completed.
Every League member and supporter is asked to come forward without delay. Report on Wednesday night 7.30 p.m., and every night to the following addresses where work will be available.
II Sandford Road, Ranelagh.
I3 Coburg Place (off Seville Place)
20 Nash St., Inchicore
249 St. Attracta Road, Cabra
Frank Edwards, Monkstown House, Monkstown Ave.
If you should find it more convenient to do the writing in your own house, where you may be able to get the assistance of relatives or friends, you can do this. Call for instructions and writing material to I6a Pearse St., any day, any time, up to 6.30 p.m.
But please do come forward and help; time is short to get the work done and we need everyone's help.
ANOTHER WAY YOU CAN HELP
If you know of any person even remotely sympathetic to left-wing opinions, living in the Crumlin, Kimmage, Inchicore, Rathmines, Rathgar, Terenure or Harold's Cross (to far side of the Bridge) or any part of the South West Constituency, please let us have his or her name. This important and urgent to help us in our canvassing work.
J. Nolan
Secretary.
NOTE:- The above is a copy of a Circular Letter addressed to C.Whelan, c/o., L. Robinson, 20, Dominic St., Dublin

--- Page 25 ---
Mich Catholic
The Irish Workers' League in the General Election
IN the S.W. Dublin Constituency in the coming election Michael O'Riordan, according to a leaflet issued in his name, is standing as a representative of The Irish Workers' League.
The League, as the IRISH CATHOLIC has pointed out on previous occasions, takes its inspiration and its line from that announced at various times by Marshal Stalin, Russia's Red Imperialist Czar.
The League, and presumably its representative, believes that the so-called "Democracy" practised by Stalin's puppets in the satellite States of East Europe and China, is the type of so-called Socialist rule which should be imposed on this country.
As a first move the League believes this country ought to establish friendly diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union.
Michael does not say this in his election leaflet, but does give as point 2 of his programme: "Friendly Relations With All Nations."
As point 5 of his programme he says he stands for "Freedom of Speech, Peaceful Assembly and Democratic Rights."
It is to be hoped that he does not define these three things in the peculiar and distorted way that they are defined in the so-called "New Democracies," where men are free to speak—so long as their speeches only pay tribute to and echo the sentiments of Joseph Stalin's Political Bureau, where men are free to assemble—only as directed by Stalin's puppets, and where democracy consists in saying "Yes" to Mr. Stalin.
"THE CHURCH AND THE PEOPLE"
Since Michael "contests Dublin South-West as the Representative of the Irish Workers' League," he must have read the April issue of "Irish Workers' Voice," the League's official organ.
In it a writer who signs himself
J.G. tells us about "The Church and the People," and has the effortry or stupidity to state that in the so-called "New Democracies" of Eastern Europe "a peaceful relationship between Church and State is being established."
The only thing "peaceful" about the relationship is the peace of the grave into which so many tortured martyrs have already been piled.
Perhaps Mr. O'Riordan will tell us how he interprets freedom? Does he consider the East European Soviet Treatment of Socialists, of one-time Communist leaders, and of Churchmen the type of "freedom" desirable there, and at a later date here.

--- Page 26 ---
Dail Elections, May 1951
South-West Dublin Constituency
MICHAEL O'RIORDAN
was born in Cork and is aged 33 years. As a youth he was a member of Fianna Eireann and later joined the I.R.A. He is employed as a Dublin bus conductor. During the Civil War in Spain (1936-38) he joined the famous International Brigades and fought with the Republican forces against Fascism under the command of the late Frank Ryan. He was interned at the Curragh in 1940-43 for his Republican activities. In 1946 he contested a Dail By-election in Cork as a Socialist and polled almost 4,000 first preference votes. In the elections for the Cork Corporation in 1945 he secured 7th place with first preference votes among 65 candidates. Well-known to Dublin busworkers for his trade union activities, he was elected a member of the Committee of the Bus Workers' Branch, Irish Transport and General Workers Union in 1948. In 1950 he received the highest number of first preference votes from the Dublin busworkers for the position of vice-chairman of his Union Branch. He is National Chairman of the Irish Workers League.
Vote No. 1. Michael O'Riordan
HE STANDS FOR
● Ireland Free and United. No War Pacts or Military Alliances. Friendly Relations with all Nations.● Wages and Salaries and Working Conditions in accordance with Trade Union Regulations for All Workers. Effective Control of Prices and Profits.● Increased Pensions and Benefits for the Old People, Widows and Orphans and Sick People. Free Medical Services without a Means Test.● Fullest Development of Nation's Resources for Benefit of the People and not of Wealthy Few.● Freedom of Speech, Peaceful Assembly and Full Democratic Rights for All Citizens.● A Militant Working Class Movement Pledged to the Socialist Principles of James Connolly.
To The Electors
of
South-West Dublin
As the candidate of the Irish Workers' League, I offer myself in this election to the people of South-West Dublin because I feel very strongly that the real issue in this election is not whether a one-party Government or a Government of several parties is the best for the country. The real issues which affect every family in this constituency and the country generally are:
1. The need for increased wages and salaries and effective control of prices to maintain and improve living standards. The people's right to measures to assist the aged and sick, to promote the health, education and general well-being of the rising generation is challenged by the rich, who now enjoy these things for themselves and their children.2. The very existence of the country is threatened by a sinister attempt to drag us into the Atlantic Pact, to have us join forces with foreign imperialism. Despite the heroic sacrifice of the men of Easter Week, new John Redmonds have sprung up in the land, eager to sell Ireland as Redmond was in 1914. The men of Easter Week challenged Redmond's betrayal and the people of Ireland in the 1918 elections endorsed their heroic action. To-day, the Irish people are confronted with issues as grave as in those days.
These are the real issues confronting us, not the sham questions the professional politicians want us to lose our heads over.
I stand for improved living standards for all wage and salaried workers and for effective control of prices.
I am unalterably opposed to the unholy conspiracy of the vested and reactionary interests to cheat the old people, the widows and orphans of their just demands for higher pensions, and the mothers and children for a medical welfare scheme without a means test.
Old age, widows and orphans pensions and sick benefits in the Twenty-Six Counties are a disgrace and entirely inadequate to meet the present high cost of living.
Despite its promises, the Inter-Party Government, after being three years in office, failed to make law the limited improvements which the Social Security Bill promised to the sick people, the unemployed, the widows and orphans and the old people.
Our educational system is anything but progressive or designed to serve the best interests of the common people. The children of the working people are denied the opportunities to fully develop their talents and intellect. Our universities are still the preserve of the wealthy and middle classes.
The Irish people want a world at peace. They do not want to see another world holocaust, with bombs raining on women and children, cities being levelled to the ground, the flower of the nation's youth dying in thousands on remote battlefields, and refugees fleeing in terror. What is taking place in Korea, Malaya and elsewhere is horrible enough. The danger of a world war can and must be prevented. The people can make that certain.
The Irish people do not want to take part in any foreign war. We have endured enough in our history from foreign soldiery trampling over our towns and fields. We want no more foreign troops in this country and we have no intention of providing cannon-fodder to be used against countries and peoples who have never harmed us and with whom we have no quarrel.
There is only one country in the world with which we have a quarrel. That is the country which partitioned our territory and occupies a fourth of our land in defiance of the will of the Irish people.
Yet it is this country, Britain, and its ally, the U.S.A., which seek to involve us in their criminal conflict with the awakening colonial peoples and with the countries which have chased out the bankers and landlords and are building a Socialist economy.
The British-American imperialists are deluging Ireland with lying propaganda in an attempt to make us another Iceland and get Irish bases for their war plans—and they are relying on the new John Redmonds in our midst to help them carry out the plot.
The Costello-Dillon Government's policy was to link the country still closer to the Anglo-U.S. imperialists in return for a deal with the Northern Tory Unionists and the British over Partition.
The Fianna Fail Party has made no serious fight against this policy of national betrayal, and the Labour Party has allowed itself to be dragged behind the policies of Messrs. Costello, Dillon and MacBride.
I say the desire of the people is for peace, no war alliances with the British-American imperialists and for the unity and independence of the country.
The imperialist preparations for a new war menace the livelihood of the working people, the farmers and small business people. The present situation demands drastic measures to develop to the maximum the country's resources to insulate our economy from the worst effects of the war preparations, create employment and stem emigration.
I ask you, as an elector of the Dublin South-West Constituency, to read the programme on which I fight this election; I submit it is the only programme which will safeguard the country from the dangers now before us and will bring nearer the political, social and economic freedom for which James Connolly worked, fought and died.
As well, it is the only programme which will unite all our people at home and abroad and join them with the millions of humanity in all lands, now sincerely desiring and striving for peace and friendship among the nations.
I wish I could visit every house in the Constituency to talk with you about these matters, but unfortunately this Election Address may be the only way of reaching many people.
I say to you: Are these not the real issues facing the country, and is not ours a real programme for the working people. We cannot, unfortunately, enter the fight on a nation-wide scale, but South-West Dublin has the chance to send at least one true voice of the people to the Dail, a voice that will compel discussion on the real issues.

--- Page 27 ---
DAIL ELECTIONS, MAY 1951
SOUTH-WEST DUBLIN
FELLOW-TRANSPORT WORKERS !
In this election I am standing as a candidate of the Irish Workers' League in the South-west Dublin Constituency. Those of you who reside in that area should be now have received a copy of my Election Address, which contains a detailed statement of our policy.
This can be summed up as follows:
IRELAND FREE AND UNITED. NO WAR PACTS OR WAR BASES ON IRISH SOIL.
DECENT WAGES, STRICT CONTROL OF PRICES AND PROFITS.
JUSTICE FOR THE OLD PEOPLE, WIDOWS AND ORPHANS.
A MILITANT WORKING CLASS MOVEMENT PLEDGED TO CONNOLLY'S PRINCIPLES.
However, apart from my appeal to you on these questions, I would like to make a special appeal to all C.I.E. employees in the South-west Dublin Constituency to cast their NO.I vote for me. In doing so, I would point out the fact that the wages-grades of C.I.E. workers have no representation in Dail Eireann, and the importance of this large body of workers having a spokesman in the Dail should be appreciated by all C.I.E. workers.
Because, in the past, there has been no militant spokesman of the C.I.E. wages grades, the interests and problems of these workershas not received the attention they deserve, when legislation concerning transport workers has been discussed. The Directors, Shareholders and higher officials have had their spokesmen to look after their interests.
You can help this time to have a spokesman who will speak up and fight for your interests as C.I.E. employees.
I ask for your NO.I vote. If elected, I pledge myself to fight for amending legislation to improve the position of transport workers and to provide them with decent pensions on retirement.
Yours sincerely,
Michael O'Riordan
Printed & Published by the Candidate's agent at "Hinchoge" Carrickmines

--- Page 28 ---
SEAN O'CASEY AND THE ELECTIONS
A letter from the famous playwright, SEAN O'CASEY, received by Mr. Michael O'Riordan contains the following:
"Michael O'Riordan is his own message. He has all the decent and daring qualifications to represent the people. There must be a lot of fine fellows among the Dublin bus workers who gave him a good vote in the Union Branch elections.
"He looks a sturdy lad and, of course, all those who fought for Republican Spain were sturdy lads. He has nothing to sell but has soul, and he isn't likely to do that; though he'll be told he'll lose it by holding on to it.
"I hope Michael will win. With all good wishes to the Mother and Child Scheme, to you Michael, and to all the Old Guard of 'Jim Larkin's Union."
FOR THE DUBLIN SOUTH-WEST CONSTITUENCY.
HE STANDS FOR:Ireland Free and United, No War Pacts or Military Alliances, Friendly relations with all Nations.•Wages and Salaries and working conditions in accordance with Tradx Union agreements for all workers. Effective control of prices and profits.•Increased pensions and benefits for the old people, widows and orphans and sick people. Free Medical Services without a Means Test.•Fullest development of the Nation's resources for the benefit of the people and not of the wealthy few.•Freedom of speech, peaceful assembly and full democratic rights for all citizens.•A militant working class movement pledged to the Socialist principles of James Connolly.
ON NEXT WEDNESDAY VOTE No. 1
O'RIORDAN MICHAEL
(Irish Workers' League Candidate)
-----
Published by Sean Nolan, Election Agent, "Hinchoge,"
Carrickmines, Co. Dublin.

--- Page 29 ---
Dublin South (West)
MR. MACBRIDE GETS
LAST SEAT
Seats, 5 Electorate, 60,946. Spoiled
Votes, 394. Total Valid Poll, 41,997.
Quota, 7,000.
ELECTED—Mr. R. Briscoe (F.F.),
Ald. P. S. Doyle (F.G.), Dr. M.
french-O'Carroll (Ind.), Mr. Mac-
Bride (C. na P.).
FIRST COUNT
R. Briscoe (F.F.) (outgoing),
elected .....
8,417
B. Butler (F.F.) (outgoing) ...
6,529
Dr. M. french-O'Carroll (Ind)
5,842
P. S. Doyle (F.G.) (outgoing)
5,823
S. MacBride (C. na P.) (out-
going) .....
2,853
M. J. O'Higgins (F.G.) (out-
going) .....
2,754
C. O'Daly (F.F.) .....
2,682
T. Reynolds (F.F.) .....
2,572
R. Deasy (Lab.) .....
2,335
J. O'Keeffe (F.G.) .....
1,211
Dr. R. P. Batterby (C. na P.) ...
684
M. O'Riordan (I.W.L.) .....
295
The distribution of Briscoe's sur-
plus elected Butler, with 7,606 on
second count.
O'Riordan, Batterby, O'Keeffe and
Deasy were eliminated.
The position at the seventh count
was as follows:
Doyle (elected) .....
7,220
french-O'Carroll .....
6,943
MacBride .....
3,862
O'Daly .....
3,478
O'Higgins .....
3,452
Reynolds .....
2,857
Reynolds was then eliminated, and
the eighth count resulted:—
french-O'Carroll (elected)
7,120
O'Daly .....
5,807
MacBride .....
3,941
O'Higgins .....
3,521
As neither the surplus of french-
O'Carroll or that of Doyle would be
sufficient to bring about a result,
O'Higgins was eliminated, and the
ninth count gave the following
result:—
O'Daly .....
6,131
MacBride .....
6,098
Doyle's surplus was then distributed.
The long fight for the last seat
ended at 3 a.m. when Mr. MacBride
was declared elected, the final figures
in the tenth count being:—
MacBride .....
6,288
O'Daly .....
6,161
RESULT—2 F.F., 1 F.G., 1 C. na P.,
1 Ind. Fine Gael lost seat to Ind.

--- Page 30 ---
1916 — JAMES CONNOLLY — 1951
His message for to-day:
DEFEAT THE NEW REDMONDS
By MICHAEL O'RIORDAN
THIS month we commemorate the 35th anniversary of the murder of James Connolly in Dublin by the British imperialists.
Connolly in his lifetime fulfilled many rôles in the service of the Irish working class. First and foremost he was a revolutionary Marxist. He was the first man to bring to the knowledge of the Irish workers the significance and meaning of the Socialist teachings of Karl Marx.
Before his life closed at the hands of a firing squad he had fulfilled the rôles of a street orator, lecturer, Socialist Party organiser, working class newspaper printer and editor, trade union leader and first Commandant-General of Ireland's army of independence.
In his many and varied activities, Connolly was always concerned to advance the cause of the working class and the independence of Ireland.
Believing that the freedom of a nation must be measured in terms of the freedom of the lowest class of Labour is the cause of Ireland. The cause of Ireland is the cause of Labour."
IRISH LABOUR'S CAUSE TODAY
Today it is more necessary than ever for the Irish workers and the people as a whole to understand Connolly's teachings. It is clear from all that Connolly wrote, from all his actions and his heroic death that to support the cause of Imperialism or that of the Irish capitalists is to help perpetuate the social and political system he devoted his entire life to destroy.
Therefore, to serve the cause of Labour in Ireland today does not and cannot mean collaboration with the bosses and refusal to fight the ideas of the obscurantists and the cliques who have penetrated the Labour movement in order to replace the militant working class and Socialist ideas of Connolly with those of collaboration with the capitalists.
To serve the cause of Ireland today, as Connolly believed and proved it alone could be served, does
not and cannot mean collaborating with imperialism, its war pacts and plans against nations which have taken the road to real freedom.
"Only the Irish working class remain as the incorruptible inheritors of the fight for freedom in Ireland," Connolly declared.
REDMOND'S MANTLE
This is more true today than even in Connolly's time. The main pre-occupation of the bourgeois politicians is not to advance the unity and independence of the country, but to reach agreement with the imperialists along similarly unprincipled lines as did John Redmond in 1914.
Today the rôle of Redmond is being attempted by Mr. MacBride. He does not laud the British imperialists as did Redmond; instead he lauds the new masters of England, the imperialists of Wall Street. Whether he wills it or not, Mr. MacBride's people with a danger as serious as John Redmond's policy in 1914.
Connolly's and Pearse's action in 1916 and the verdict of the Irish people in the anti-Conscription Campaign and the elections of 1918 defeated Redmond's policy.
As in those days, the Irish people today want no part in imperialism's war plans. The slogans of the imperialists in 1914-18.
Were Connolly alive today he would oppose the policy of MacBride as vigorously as he opposed the policy of Redmond.
With his personal experiences of life in America, Connolly would expose the lies that the American ruling class are or could ever be the defenders of freedom in their own or amind Mr. MacBride of how the American ruling class jailed and tortured Tom Mooney, and J. B. MacNamara, and many other Irish-American Labour fighters; of how the Irish immigrants in Pennsylvania were cruelly exploited by the coal barons.
As he did in the case of Britain's imperialist war against the Boers, he would warn the Irish people not to lend any support, moral or otherwise, to Britain's and America's criminal war against the brave people of Korea.
LABOUR'S RESPONSIBILITY
The Irish Labour and Trade Union Movement owes its present strength to the pioneering work and sacrifices of men like Connolly and Larkin. A great responsibility rests upon Irish Labour today. If it is to live up to the great traditions of Connolly and Larkin, it must come forward and rouse the people to stand guard in defence of the nation and to make clear to the Anglo-American imperialists and their agents within, whether in high places or low, that this country will never turn its back on Connolly's and Larkin's teachings—that Irish workers will never help imperialism to crush the freedom of other nations and least of all nations where the workers are in power.

--- Page 31 ---
WHAT ABOUT JOE BRENNAN?
Joe Brennan is now three months on the streets. Depriving him of his livelihood was an unwarrantable action. He committed negrimo. He refused to pass a picket - which is an old established trade Union practice. Some of us do not necessarily agree with the particular way in which he took this action, but that is now beside the point.
Joe Brennan gave service to the men in the Bus industry, whether it was good, bad or mediocro service is a matter of opinion. The majority of the men in our job must have considered that it was a good service, when they elected him Chairman for so many years running.
You can show your appreciation now for the past services rendered by protesting against his dismissal. As trade unionists, you must realise that the Company's action is not merely a blow against Brennan, but concerns every man in the job.
MAKE YOUR PROTEST EFFECTIVE, at this stage, by -
1) Requesting, through your Union Depot Delegates, that a General Meeting be held to discuss the case.2) Making it a point of duty to ensure that it is a 100% attended one.3) Subscribing 2d per week to a fund that will ensure that Brennan and his family will not suffer economic distress, pending his re-instatement.
REMEMBER IT COULD BE YOUR TURN TO-MORROW for some action, irrespective of whether that action would have greater or less consequences or justification!
JOE BRENNAN MUST BE RE-INSTATED!
AN INJURY TO ONE IS THE CONCERN OF ALL!
Signed :-
DR. ED. BURCHILL, ClontarfCD. J. FAHEY, RingsondCD. JOHN O'KELLY(Depot Delegate)CD. JOHN P. KELLY, BroadstoneCD. KEVIN LYNCH, ..(Provincial Delegate)CD. L. WRIGHT, ..DR. MICHAEL CONNOLLY, Conningham Rd.CD. MICHAEL O'RIORDAN, ..CD. FRANK LALLY, ..CD. P. SWENEY, ..CD. JAS. SEXTON, ..DR. JOHN FOGARTHY, RingsondDR. PAT ALLEN, ..DR. D. O'DRISCOLL, ..

--- Page 32 ---
Eug. Mar 9.9.51
"Berlin Youth Rally": The Irish Delegates
A Chara—It is interesting to note the remarks of your correspondent, Mr. Sam Nolan, Secretary of the "Irish Youth Festival Committee," in defence of his delegates to the Communist "Peace" Congress recently held in Berlin.
The main aim of his letter was to refute the accusations of the Minister of Justice who stated that many of the delegates from this country were not Irish. The facts speak for themselves for all who trouble to find them. If we are to judge by the Bolshevick tactics in eastern Europe, it seems they seldom find natives to represent any nation. Will Mr. Nolan dare tell your readers the nationality (and we do not mean faked citizenship) of the following present-day leaders of once Catholic Poland:—
Berman (Dictator), Mine (Vice-Premier), Zambrowski (Deputy Speaker, Polish Diet), Skrzesewski (Minister of Foreign Affairs), Radkiewicz (Minister of Public Security), Rabanowski (Minister of Transport), Dietrich (Minister for Domestic Trade), Amsterdamski (Political Advisor), Cyprian (Attorney General for Supreme National Tribunal), Braniewsky (Chief of Youth Movement), Ochab (Chief of Education for Armed Forces, Secretary of Central Council Communist Party), Gottesmann (Head of Press and Information Department), and others whom we have not space to mention? Poland is merely typical of all the east European states.
As for the "Irish" delegates to Berlin, one of them was a Miss Barbara Dobson who, in a broadcast on Sunday last over the Bolshevick Radio network, condemned the intolerant attitude of our Catholic universities towards
coloured students. She also emphasised how "Irish" students feel so isolated from the rest of the world because of the censorship of publications ban on reading that Miss Dobson appears to consider vital for the education of her type of "Irish" students.
Well if Miss Dobson be typical of those who went to Berlin from this country, there is every reason why Mr. Boland ought to have stopped their journey. However, when we consider the attitude of successive governments here to the preservation of the fundamental principles of Christian nationalism—as instance their attitude to the granting of citizenship papers—it is not surprising that the Minister for Justice should be so much influenced by the present-day liberalist philosophy, which of course is inspired by those forces working in harmony with Bolshevism and steadily growing stronger in "liberated" Ireland.
For our people, and especially our students and young people of all walks of life, there is but one absolute antidote to this growing Bolshevick influence. It is to call back our lost pride of race. It is time our young people took more notice of the real state of their Fatherland. Mr. Sam Nolan is an officer of but one of the many groups preaching "liberty" and "peace" while working for the over-throw of our religion and our nationalism.
In labour unions, in universities, yes and in churches, they seek to iaint the principles of work, society and faith. The list could be extended to the influence of this liberalist philosophy on our Celtic sports and pleasures, the Celtic idea of patriotism, the Celtic conception of the family and the learned professions; the influence of the twin forces of Bolshevism and Liberalism runs down through every department of our life to-day.
Let the heritage of our Celtic fathers have free course among their Celtic sons and the Bolshevik idea can never triumph over it. Bolshevism never triumphs until first the people over whom it triumphs are denied the nurture of their native culture and the sacred principles upon which our Christian civilisation was built.
The Bolsheviks and their vassals, the teachers of liberalism, have begun a struggle for the soul of Ireland. Let the youth and the leaders of Irish thought know that the objective is the regnancy of the ideas and the race that built our land. Let them also know the real nature of those who comprise the attacking force. That is all that will be necessary. Why? Because unless the Bolshevik ideas can creep in under the screen of ignorance and neglect of the principles of Christian nationalism, it is doomed. Chun Bhuaidh!—Peadar O Clamhan, Secretary, Aontas Naisiunta na hEireann, 34 Harcourt St., Dublin.

--- Page 33 ---
'Black Legion' Posters
Call For Recruits
DUBLINERS were astonished to-day when they found posters headed "The Black Legion" on lamp-posts and dead walls in many parts of the city. The posters read as follows:—
"Lahm Laidir an Uachtar—The Black Legion. Enlistment of 5,000 Officers and Men.
The Black Legion which is pledged to safeguard the Fatherland from a further encroachment of Bolshevism — Communism and its allies — and to unite the North and South in one Sovereign State, will now accept enrolment of 5,000 additional volunteers from October 7th to November 30th, 1951.
AIMS SET OUT
"Qualification.—(a) A firm determination to resist Bolshevism and its allies from both within and without our borders. (b) Willingness to obey all lawful orders issued by superior officers. (c) Willingness to take an oath of allegiance to the party leaders and to undergo a probationary period of endurance. (d) Parents to be of Irish ancestry. (e) All applicants to be in good physical health, and to be prepared to give demonstration of their courage and determination (if called on) after a period of training.
AGE LIMITS
"Age limit 16 to 35 years for legionaires, 25 to 45 for officers (with exceptions where warranted). Applications by letter only in the first instance to the Director of Recruiting, "Black Legion" (Dublin City area), 42 Russell avenue, East Wall, Dublin. Let Fatherland Grow it its Fullest Stature.

--- Page 34 ---
Protest Against Actor's Visit
Pressmen awaiting the appearance of Orson Welles at the conclusion of the performance at the Gate Theatre.
ORSON WELLES, the film actor, was booed when he arrived at the Gate Theatre last night to attend a performance of Maura Laverty's play, "Tolka Row."
The boohs came from a group of about 20 youths and girls, who staged a demonstration outside the theatre and formed a picket which marched up and down with placards bearing such inscriptions as "Dublin Rejects Communist Front Star"; "Not Wanted, Orson Welles, Stalin's Star"; "Welles's Spiritual Home is Moscow — Stay Out of Ireland."
The demonstration was organised by the Catholic Cinema and Theatre Patrons' Association, members of which had on sale a booklet entitled "Red Stars Over Hollywood." and who also distributed leaflets.
BIG FORCE OF GARDAI
A big force of uniformed Gardai and detectives was on duty and kept the picket, which attracted a crowd, on the move outside the theatre.
Michael O Tuathail, Hon. Sec. of the Association, said that it was formed in 1949 at a meeting attended by various Catholic bodies. Their work was pin-pointing Communist infiltrations into the Hollywood studios. They adopted a peaceful attitude in their activities, and distributed publications to draw people's attention to the fact that there were Communist affiliations in Hollywood.
They were interested, he said, in keeping the cinema pure. Orson Welles, he added, had never repudiated any of the statements made in the report of the California Legislature on Communist Front organisations.
Mr. Welles, whose 'plane was 15 minutes late on arriving at Dublin from London, was met at the Airport by Mr. Hilton Edwards, who drove him to the theatre and whose guest he is while in Dublin.
Mr. Welles began his acting career at the Gate.
DASHED INSIDE
When he got out of the car outside the theatre boos greeted him as he quickly dashed inside. Mr. Edwards, obviously extremely angry at the demonstration, told an Irish Independent representative: "I think it is a disgrace and an impertinence. I am taking legal action over this if there is any trouble and I will fight it to the last inch."
"If I cannot invite a guest to sit in my theatre I will not play in this country again. My only consolation is that I believe this to be a manifestation of irresponsibility backed up by fanaticism and I refuse to
believe it represents the opinion of the Irish race. If I might quote W. B. Yeats 'This crowd has disgraced itself again.'
"NEVER SO ANGRY"
"So far as being a Communist is concerned, Orson Welles, as long as I have known him, has been trying to be a capitalist. I have never been so much disgusted and angry in my life. Mr. Welles had come here to see whether it was possible that this play might be played elsewhere."
In an interview after the show Mr. Welles said: "I am not a Communist, and I am not a Communist sympathiser. I did not come to Dublin to make apologies. I came to see a play. My anti-Communist record is so well known that it was not necessary for me to give evidence before the California inquiry."
He added that he had enjoyed the play very much and there was a possibility that in conjunction with Hilton Edwards he would arrange to take it to London.
REFERS TO INCIDENTS
Speaking from the stage at the conclusion of the play, Mr. Edwards said that the play had been seen by 100,000 people. Certain incidents which had occurred had made him very angry, he said, and he asked the audience to act as an "accidental" jury of the Irish people and to give, if they felt so disposed, a really Irish welcome to Mr. Welles, who was a distinguished actor and a great friend.
Mr. Welles was given a tremendous reception by the audience when he appeared on the stage, and he said that the only scandal was that there should be any interference with the tribute to such a fine play. It was, he continued, 21 years since he had last been on that stage and it was a moving experience to be back.
"Orson Welles and Dublin," he said, "were noted for making difficulties, and we are running true to form to-night."
A crowd of several hundreds, attracted by the picket gathered outside the theatre, and blocked the thoroughfare at the conclusion of the play. They were obviously waiting for Mr. Welles to make his appearance.
A number of youths became involved in a struggle with the Gardai who had been summoned to control the crowds and the traffic, and when they endeavoured to remove two young men from the crowd a bottle was thrown but fell in the roadway without causing injury to anyone. Gardai reinforcements were summoned to deal with the situation.
The picket was at one stage broken up by the pressure of the crowds, but re-forming, they continued their picket duty.
The crowd remained outside the theatre until after midnight despite the efforts of the Gardai to disperse them.
About three-quarters of an hour after the show ended a theatre spokesman said that Mr. Welles had left the theatre by a side door.

--- Page 35 ---
THE STANDARD, JANUARY 4, 1952
"DUBLIN'S HOLY HOOLIGANISM"
I HAVE often wondered what His Holiness Pope praised "this beautiful play" made of that passage in Shadow and Substance in which the Canon will not curates that he will not tolerate any of "Dublin's holy hooliganism." The hooliganism referred to took place some years ago under the aegis of a so-called "Christian Front."
On the evening of the 18th December last, Dublin witnessed another outbreak, this time initiated by an organisation which publicises its activities and sentiments in the name of Christ the King.
"Stalin's Star"
On that evening a number of young men carrying placards bearing such inscriptions as "Dublin rejects Communist Front Star," "Not Wanted, Orson Welles, Stalin's Star" and "Welles' Spiritual Home is Moscow, Stay out of Ireland," paraded in front of the Gate Theatre to which Mr. Welles, after an absence of some 20 years, was paying a flying visit (Mr. Welles' first theatrical roles were auspices of the Miceal Mac Liammoir and Hilton Edwards). The protestors, led by a Mr. Thael O'Tuathail, described themselves as members of the Catholic Cinema and Theatre Patrons' Association. In an interview with a Dublin newspaper reporter Mr. O'Tuathail stated that his Association was formed in 1949 at a meeting attended by various Catholic bodies. It would be interesting to learn what Catholic bodies (Maria Duce apart) have supported the C.C.T.P.A.
THEATRE—by GABRIEL FALLON
As was to be expected a large crowd gathered outside the assumed such a riotous attitude that a squad of police had considerable difficulty in ensuring that the peace. A number of attempts were made to rush the theatre. One of the protestors was heard down!, "Let's burn the joint down!", the inevitable bottle was thrown. Inside the theatre Mr. Welles was subjected to a rigorous questioning by a battery of reporters whose interest in a good "story" was sharpened by the fact that most of the U.S. news agencies were hanging on at the other end of the wire. In said: "I am not a Communist and I am not a Communist sympathiser."
A Repudiation
Speaking as a Catholic, a theatre patron and a friend of Orson Welles, I wish to repudiate in the name of Catholicism the disgraceful scenes I witnessed outside the Gate Theatre seven days before the feast of Christmas. I am perfectly well aware that those who base their Catholicism rather more on the findings of Californian committees than on the accepted teachings of the Church will be shocked, enraged, or simply unimpressed by this statement. It will be said that I am a Communist and a friend of Communists (indeed, as much has been said already). It will be said that I am a victim of excessive broad of independence, that I am tolerant of error; and that in publicly repudiating the work of the C.C.T.P.A. I have sinned against the solidarity of a common household. But these charges are not true.
Friendly Contacts
Whatever the nature of Orson Welles' opinions (and he has never denied their "liberal" direction) they what have been impressed by what was offered him in the name of Catholicism. Fortunately, his friendly contacts, including the distinguished Belgian Dominican, Father Morlion, O.P., (a fact which the C.C.T.P.A. despite its faith in Californian committees, desperately attempted to suppress) have made it clear to him that there is another side to Catholicism. His conversations with Father Morlion revealed him as an admirer of the Thomist philosopher, Father Sertillanges, O.P., as a reader of the mystics, St. Teresa, St. Catherine of Sienna, Ruysbroek. All things considered, I sympathy for those who suggested by their action that they are determined that people who may be looking for God shall not find Him. When will we learn that in hating the sin we must love the sinner, that in being intolerant of false doctrine we must be
sweetly tolerant of those who hold it? Knowing in the depths of our soul, why our own need for mercy, our own insist on refusing the redemptive pity of Christ to others?
Surely the race of man is God's family and ours. Surely we are each responsible for all? Why should the desire to show people up, the wish to ferret out our neighbour's sins and set them up in the market-place, the love of loudly pious demonstration (as if we had to shout to assure ourselves of our Faith) take the place of pity for all, and the greatest pity for those who have the greatest need for it?
Un-Christian
Once again, I appeal to the members of the C.C.T.P.A. (and to those who stand behind them)
A scene from the film, "Rommel premiere in the Savoy Cinema, Dul of the Newsp
Parades or Prayer
Some years ago a number of U.S. Catholic veterans approached the directors of the U.S. Catholic Worker and asked for their assistance to picket a Communist meeting. The directors of the Catholic Worker declined to do so but offered instead to do and say five decades of the Communists. They invited the Catholic Veterans to join them. The Veterans hastily withdrew. Readers of THE STANDARD may decide for themselves which is the better way, the prayer which one or the one that inevitably leads to what has been justly stigmatised as "An outburst of holy hooliganism". In spite of Californian committees, I do not believe that Orson Welles is a Communist. Yet, even if he was, I hope I know my duty as a Christian.

--- Page 36 ---
Sunday October 27/1/52
Communist leaders speak
in secret in Dublin
A least two prominent Communists spoke at the second delegate Conference of the Irish Workers' League, held in secret in Dublin this week-end. Other delegates came from "various parts of the Twenty-Six Counties, as well as fraternal delegates from the Six Counties, England, Scotland and the United States."
An invitation to a Friday night meeting, sent to the select few of the League, listed as principal speakers: Bob Stewart (prominent in the British Communist Rederation), Sean Murray (Chairman of the Six-County Communist Party).
Chairman of the conference was Michael O'Riordan (who contested the last General Election for the Irish Workers' League).
Where was the secret meeting held?—Late last Friday evening, a SUNDAY PRESS reporter stood outside the red-brick house "at 37 Pembroke Road, Dublin.
Dimly, through the misted windows, the reporter saw a Tricolour and a Plough and the Stars draped over the mantelpiece. Was this the meeting-place of the Conference of the Irish Workers' League?
The Phalanx
We cannot say. Five youths formed a phalanx round our reporter and barred his way farther than the basement room. "Is it true," he asked, "that the Irish Workers' League is meeting here to-night and that Bob Stewart spoke on Irish-American relations?"
"We'll tell you nothing," asserted one the phalanx determinedly.
When the speakers left, our reporter tried to follow them and ask some relevant questions.
Then the Phalanx would not let him out for some minutes, lest he trail them to their destination.
Despite this, he trailed them as they got a number 10 bus to O'Connell Bridge.
There, the party got off, two (a man and a lady in a fur coat), and walked to the Pillar.
The others crossed the street and took a 22 bus going towards Drimnagh.
One of those who stood guard over our reporter took time off to arrange (he said) that a "supplied report" of Friday night's meeting be sent to this ffice.
Last night the sound of dance music came from number 37. Our reporter was again refused information or admission to the premises.
The man who promised the "supplied report" on Friday evening said that those in charge had "changed their minds." The report would not be given.

--- Page 37 ---
HEAR HAMISH FRASER
Former Officer and Political Commissar in the International Brigade in Spain and Now a Catholic Worker
on COMMUNIST to CATHOLIC
Mansion House - Sun., 9th March
The Right Hon. The Lord Mayor, Alderman A. Clarkin will Preside
AT [REDACTED] 3.30 P.M. - ADMISSION 2/-
TICKETS MAY BE HAD FROM M. H. GILL & SON, LTD., 50 UPPER O'CONNELL STREET, PHONE 45183, AND AT DOOR

--- Page 38 ---
Former Communist Tells Of Danger
Mr. Hamish Fraser (second from left) who lectured on "Communist-to-Catholic," under the auspices of Vexilla Regis in the Mansion House, Dublin. Also in the group are (from left): Rev. Dr. McKevitt, Maynooth College; Right Rev. Monsignor Kissane, President, Maynooth College; Mr. D. Connellan, and Mr. J. McDermott.
"GOD forbid that Ireland, which suffered so much at the hands of England, should ever think of emulating England in her present hour of grotesque folly," said Mr. Hamish Fraser, former Officer and Political Commissar in the International Brigade, Spain, when he gave a lecture, "Communist-to-Catholic," under the auspices of Vexilla Regis.
Mr. Fraser, who posed the question why Catholics became Communists, referred to the case of Frank Ryan, who became a Communist, but who before his death was reconciled to the Church.
One of the main reasons Catholics became Communists was due to ignorance or indifference. In the absence of a virile, Catholic apostolate, there were thousands of Catholics throughout the world who had not a true appreciation of the significance of their Holy Faith.
UTOPIAN DREAM
Communism was a Messianic religion which professed that by the abolition of capital they would create a utopia, or reign of universal felicity. That was why it had such a powerful attraction. Much of the leading personnel of the Communist Party was recruited from the ranks of Jews and apostate Catholics.
Another reason Catholics and Protestants became Communists was indifference. Communism was not invented by Karl Marx, and if it had not been given expression to by Marx, it would have been given expression to by someone else. It was inspired by the spirit of hatred.
Mr. Fraser described how Communists infiltrated into trade unions and organisations, how they formed strong blocs, small in number, and then dominated the organisations they joined.
It was the duty of Catholics to work for the emancipation of the working man in the light of the Papal Encyclicals. What was needed to combat Communism was a Christian Apostolate of even greater vigour. Men, and particularly young men, with a burning love of God and love of the truth, and who not only knew the truth, but could fight for it, were required. Workers, priests and intellectuals, had a duty to assist in developing this apostolate.
It was most important that they should approach such an apostolate in a spirit of true humility. Provided they faced up to their responsibilities in full, Communism would be irrelevant and as much forgotten as the Arian heresy to-day.
The Lord Mayor (Senator Clarkin), who introduced the lecturer, said that Mr. Fraser, who was born in 1913, was reared as a Presbyterian and became a member of the Young Communist League in 1933. In 1945 he left the Party and from then to 1948 he began his search for the truth, which led him to the Catholic Church's Social Teaching.
There was a very large attendance which included Marquis de Miraflores, Spanish Ambassador; Right Rev. Monsignor E. Kissane, President, St. Patrick's College, Maynooth; Rev. P. McKevitt, Ph.D. (do.); Rev. Father Senan, O.F.M.Cap.; Rev. Father Henry O.F.M.Cap.

--- Page 39 ---
FRANK RYAN
SIR,—I knew Frank Ryan over in Dublin, and I knew him in London. As far as I know, he wasn't technically a Communist. Bernard Shaw, in the preface to his novel, "Immaturity," says that one is born a Communist or one isn't a Communist at all. That's what Frank Ryan was—a born Communist, just as Sean O'Connelly was a born Nationalist, though never a member of the I.R.B.
Frank never needed, to my knowledge, to be "reconciled to the Church." He was almost a born Catholic, too—certainly one from the day of his baptism. One in theory as well as practice. He came to our place in London several times when he was home from Spain because of a bullet wound in his arm. When we saw him the wound was more than half healed, but it looked even then a very ugly wound. I used all my eloquence to persuade him to stay at home, feeling in some way that, if he went back to Spain, we should never see him again. He refused to stay, saying that he "couldn't think of leaving the boys by themselves." On one of the visits, he was with Jack Carney and the representative of a big Dominion Press Amalgamation, a stout and fine-looking Presbyterian from Belfast, well known to both of us. As usual when Presbyterian and Catholic get together, provided they be Irish, an argument arose about religion, and Frank defended very sincerely and very cleverly the faith that was in him. It was quite evident to me that the lad was a Catholic well versed in his faith, and very astute in putting forth points in its favour. I acted as moderator, keeping heat out of the discussion, though there were a few shouts now and again, particularly from the Presbyterian. It was all very amusing to me, who didn't care a damn one way or the other.
The trouble with those laddoes who swing from Communism into Catholicism is that they know as little about the Communism they abandon as they do about the Roman Catholic faith they embrace. Certainly the dogmatic Mr. Hamish Fraser knows damn all about Frank Ryan.—Yours, etc.,
SEAN O'CASEY.
Devon, April 2nd, 1952.

--- Page 40 ---
DUBLIN_UNEMPLOYED_ASSOCIATION
WORKERS,
THE LEADERS OF THE DUBLIN UNEMPLOYED ASSOCIATION ARE STILL
IN MOUNTJOY JAIL.
THEIR "CRIME" - TO LEAD THE UNEMPLOYED IN THEIR STRUGGLE FOR
WORK.
YOU CAN RELEASE THEM - THE KEY TO MOUNTJOY JAIL IS IN YOUR
HANDS. REMEMBER THEY ARE YOUR WORKING-CLASS BROTHERS - THE TRADE
UNION LEADERS OF THE UNEMPLOYED.
PROTEST TO THE MINISTER FOR JUSTICE AND GET YOUR TRADE UNION
BRANCH TO PROTEST.
A UNITED CHORUS OF PROTESTS WILL FREE OUR LEADERS.

--- Page 41 ---
CIVIL LIBERTIES
Sir—I enclose a copy of a letter I have received from Mr. Roger N. Baldwin, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the International League for the Rights of Man, 756, 7th Avenue, New York, and a copy of a recent letter written by our President, Mr. Sean O'Faolain, in reply to charges levied against the Association in correspondence in the Evening Mail.
C. GORE-GRIMES
Hon. Secretary
Charges STAN
13/6/52
Refuted
Sir—We note an exchange of correspondence in the Dublin Evening Mail in April, in which charges are made against the Irish Association of Civil Liberty on the grounds of their affiliation with the International League for the Rights of Man.
The charges are:-
1. That the International League for the Rights of Man is under Communist influence because I am the Chairman of its Board;
2. That the American Civil Liberties Union, of which I was for 30 years the director, is "one of the more widely known Communist fronts in the U.S.A." The evidence given for that is that Wm. Z. Foster, head of the Communist Party in the U.S., and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn, a member of its Directing Committee, were members of the A.C.L.U. Board;
3. That Julio Alvarez del Vayo, a Spanish citizen and a recent vice-president of the International League, was the "representative of the Soviet Union in Spain before and during the Spanish civil war", and
4. That my views are pro-Communist as interpreted from an undated quotation from an article by me in "Soviet Russia to-day."
In answer to these charges let me say:-
1. The International League for the Rights of Man excludes from affiliation and from its directing committees all Communists or any other anti-democrats. Its platform
specifically states: "The League is opposed to all forms of dictatorship and does not accept as members any organizations or persons identified with anti-democratic movements".
2. The American Civil Liberties Union also specifically excludes all Communists, fellow-travellers and anti-democrats from its directing committees and has done so by specific resolution ever since 1940. On that ground Elizabeth Gurley Flynn was publicly expelled from the Union's Board after she joined the Communist Party while a member of the Board. William Z. Foster never was a member of the Board. He was a member of an Advisory Committee before he joined the Communist Party, while an organizer for the steel workers. The A.C.L.U. is not on any governmental list of subversive organizations, and since those lists are very inclusive, one can be sure that any charge of being a Communist front is false.
3. The statement that Mr Alverez del Vayo was a representative of the Soviet Union in Spain is entirely false. He was the Foreign Minister of the recognised Republican Government. It happens that his term as a vice-president of the League has recently expired and he is not now an officer or Board member.
4. In the 1930's along with many other liberals at home and abroad, I was a member of a number of so-called united fronts in which Communists participated. So were a number of now distinguished heads of States, including the Prime Minister of India, the vice-president of Indonesia, Irish patriots and leaders of the British Labour Party—to name a few. These connections ceased with the end of the united front period in the late 1930's. I and all the others have since become opponents of the united front, and anti-Communists.
The quotation from the undated article which was published in May 1934 represents views at the time determined by circumstances which no longer prevail. Your critics have not caught up with the times. It is almost libellous to utilize undated material of twenty
It refuses affiliation to any Association definitely suspected of Communist activities. It has usefully warned us here of Communist undercover activities.
I may say that we always make enquiries when approached by other organisations, and it is a routine matter for us to make such enquiries from our own Government. This, it goes without saying, will not deter the groups I mention from returning with some fresh smear.
As to how such groups work I suggest that the reader might take up the recently published book Ordeal by Slander, by Professor Owen Lattimore. Here was a man of the utmost probity, a valued and patriotic public servant of the United States, at whom the now thoroughly discredited Senator McCarthy wilfully threw every kind of muck in an effort to defame the American Government which Lattimore served. Lattimore had to return from his duties in the East to defend his country's honour, his own honour, and the very safety of his family.
No part of his book is so moving as the account of his wife's gallant efforts to protect her husband's name, in between the launching of those irresponsible attacks and the time when he could face them in
person. After a prolonged and costly fight he rebutted every single charge. What was the sequel? The ineffable McCarthy returns with fresh smears.
So will these reckless people, no doubt, return to us. It is from such tainted sources, inspired by purely political motives, that the "information" is usually borrowed to throw at public - spirited Association's like our's.
As stated in our Constitution, the fundamental aim of our Association is "to re-affirm faith in the cignity and worth of the person and in fundamental human rights." As an adjunct to this we attempt to protect and extend the civil liberties of every citizen.
Fundamental human rights appear to us to be based on the natural law as defined and extended by our Christian traditions. Consequently, we are implacably hostile to any movements, which, like Communism, seeks to destroy these human rights and with them our civil liberties.
At present it would appear that Communism in this country is a far weaker threat to the values of Democracy and Christianity than those organisations, which, behind the parade of alleged Christian principles, tend to foment sectarian bitterness and to undermine the country's Constitution. We would suggest that the members of such organisations should study a recent sermon by the Rev. John J. McCullen, of Ohio, on this subject of smear-campaigns, concluding an address which has received wide circulation in the United States.
Father McCullen said: — "The Eighth Commandment—Thou shalt not lie—forbids us to make statements damaging to the reputation of others unless we can prove these statements . . . . It is cowardly and a shameful thing to smear any man with charges that are unproved. Every Catholic — especially the Catholic writer — should be distinguished by a love of justice and freedom and by a spirit of charity in his writings. Only in this way can we give testimony to the great truth which is ours to give to the world.
SEAN O FAOLAIN.
years ago as if it had any relevance to later views and associations.
ROGER N. BALDWIN
Chairman of the Board
International League for the Rights of Man, New York.
Dignity of the Person
Sir—Having been recently elected President of the Irish Association of Civil Liberty I observe that a certain Organisation, which I shall leave nameless, since these groups thrive on publicity, has been attempting to suggest that this Association has Communist affiliations. The principle behind such campaigns is, no doubt, that some mud always sticks; and it is unfortunately true that even intelligent people to-day are so terrified—very understandably—by the word Communism that they are, in spite of themselves, and perhaps even without realising it, influenced by reckless and dangerous statements like these.
The gravamen of the smear is that we are affiliated with the International League for the Rights of Man. Here are the essen

--- Page 42 ---
Court Sequel to O'Connell Street Scene
“TAKE THAT
MAN AWAY,”
CROWD CRIED
NEIL GOOLD VERSCHOYLE (47), of 10 Blessington Lane, Dublin, labourer, was fined 10/- by Justice Lennon in the District Court to-day for selling or exposing for sale a newspaper without holding a street traders' certificate under the Street Traders' Act, 1926.
He was given seven days to pay or seven days' imprisonment in default.
A summons for resisting arrest by refusing to walk to Store St. station was dismissed. A third summons for making use of threatening, abusive and insulting words and behaviour in Lr. O'Connell St. last night between
8 and 9 o'c., with intent to provoke a breach of the peace, was proved, but dismissed owing to extenuating circumstances.
HOSTILE CROWD
Guard Nicholas R. Philip said Verschoyle was selling the "Daily Worker," organ of the Communist Party in Britain, in Lower O'Connell Street. A hostile crowd gathered around him, and people asked witness to "take that man away."
They said that if he (witness) did not do something about it, they would. He heard cries of "Throw him in the Liffey." He saw somebody strike or attempt to strike Verschoyle, who resisted arrest when taken into custody.
"FOR THE CAUSE"
Verschoyle, speaking from the dock, said he was selling the "Daily Worker" "for the Cause and not for gain." He said he would not pay the fine.
Guard Philip produced in Court a home-made newspaper poster protesting against the present Allied naval manoeuvres in the Baltic.
The poster was displayed, he said, by Verschoyle in Lr. O'Connell St. last night.
Guard Michael Walsh was also in he case.

--- Page 43 ---
Irish Workers' Voice
May Published Monthly 1949
At 133 Lower Baggot Street,
Dublin
Price — 2d.
Annual Subscription Rate :
Post Free 3s.
Editorial Board : S. Nolan, D. Walshe,
N. Stapleton, M. O'Riordan,
P. Higgins.
NOTE—The Editorial Board invites articles, letters and suggestions from our readers, all correspondence to be sent to above address
trust in Labour at the Elections.
In regard to all the big issues confronting the Irish people such as the drift to war and the Atlantic Pact, the Labour leaders are completely bank rupt. Sir Basil Brooke and his gang have solved this problem for the Labour Leaders as far as the North is concerned. Costello, McBride and Dilon would dearly like to follow suit, but
One of Ireland's Delegates at Paris Peace Congress
WORLD PEACE CONGRESS IN PARIS
Irish Delegates Attended.
By Ned Stapleton.
EVERY propaganda weapon in the arsenal of the imperialists is being utilised to-day to propagate the insidious lie that war is inevitable. Press, radio, films, and one is sorry to say even the pulpit are being used to spread this evil gospel of doom. There is immense profit in war for certain people, and those very people, the arms manufacturers, the industrial militaires and financial dictators of Wall Street, with their capitalist friends in Britain and France are determined that the wealth they accrued in the last war will be doubled in the one they are now planning.
This plan cannot be achieved without certain preparations. For throughout the world at present there exists a serious conflict between the forces of
war and of peace. Thus it is necessary for the warmongers, as part of their preparations, to disarm the common people.
The World Congress for Peace which was held in Paris on April 20th—27th gives the lie to these instigators of a third world war and at the same time exposes the evil designs of the Imperialists. Representatives of over 500 million people—almost a quarter of the world's population—attended the Congress. To this, the biggest gathering of its kind in history came delegates from every country in the world, people of every profession and trade, and from every kind of organisation. Trade unionists, intellectuals, leaders of cultural, religious and other bodies gathered together to demonstrate their
desire for peace. They represented the hopes of humanity: the leaders of the common people in the struggle against war. Two representatives from the Irish Workers' League attended this Congress, Mr Sean Nolan, well known in Left Wing circles and Mrs M. McSweeney, wife of world-famous patriot Terence McSweeney who died on hunger strike in Brixton Prison. They made known to the world that Ireland will not be led into the war camp of the imperialists, and that the Irish people will play their full part in the worldwide struggle for peace and democracy.
Published by the Proprietors, The Irish Workers' League, 133 Lt. Baggot St., Dublin. May 1949.
Printed in Ireland.
Mrs M. McSweeney, widow of world-famous Irish patriot,

--- Page 44 ---
Connolly's Comrade Answers Trinity College Fabians
1916 Veteran On Moscow's "Peace" Campaign
"A T the outset may I compliment the Auditor for the industry displayed in producing this paper 'Must We Perish'" said Mr. Frank Robbins.
"I regret that I cannot extend this compliment to the contents of the document which was conceived solely through the spectacles of Moscow. It appears to me that the bias shown has reduced its value to almost nil," he added.
"The approach shown is without doubt in favour of the Totalitarian Imperialism of Russia as against the Capitalist Democracy of the U.S.A.
"As the world stands to-day; which of the two is most beneficial to the human race? The Auditor no doubt will say Russia, and here I find myself at variance.
"The productive ability of the U.S.A., were it used to aid mankind in present day wants could not be measured. Instead, because of the fear within the Western democracies, the U.S.A. is compelled to make machines of war to help defend the countries so endangered by Russian Imperialism.
"All such machines of war, whether made in America or Russia," continued Mr. Robbins, "must be paid for by the people of those countries and such wasteful expenditure depresses living standards the world over.
"I have no liking for Imperialism of any kind, be it capitalist or totalitarian, but were a choice necessary, the former would be my preference."
NO COLONIALISM
Mr. Robbins went on to state:
"I am not a believer in any country having colonial possessions.
I do believe, as a guiding principle, that the United Nations is entitled to defend Korea or any other country that may be attacked. I do believe that the United Nations, given the loyalty due from its members, is an instrument for good and would eventually abolish war. I also believe that all democratic loving countries should be members of the United Nations.
PUNISHING AGGRESSORS
I further believe that any country creating a breach of democratic principles should be punished.
I believe that Ireland, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Kenya, Indo-China and all other subject nations, should be completely free from all interference by any other nation or nations.
I believe when one country attacks or provokes civil war in another country, that swift active steps should be taken by the United Nations to teach the aggressor that crime does not pay. Were this outlook pursued by all men and all nations then the present machines of war would not be necessary.
RUSSIA RESPONSIBLE FOR COLD WAR
We have a cold war in existence. This I suggest is because Russia was not allowed to gobble up the remaining countries in Western Europe.
Had she been allowed to do so, there would have been no need for a cold war. But then the freedom we enjoy would have been eradicated and I at any rate would hardly be here to-night discussing the auditor's paper.
STALINIST EXPANSION
I regret to say that the shooting war seems to be looming nearer each day. The certainty is that no one wants it and everyone fears it.
How does this situation arise? Russia is determined on pursuing her totalitarian-imperialist-expansionist policy, while the Western Democracies are equally determined on pursuing their way of life.
NOT SERVING IRELAND!
Continuing his address to the Trinity College Fabian Society, Mr. Robbins said:
"What can we do to avoid such a catastrophe?"
Very little indeed when we have learned men, or supposedly learned men, who should be the leaders of some thought actually lining up as partisans while advocating neutrality in their own country.
Frank Robbins Clears the Air
IN the adjoining columns we publish extracts of the speech given by Mr. Frank Robbins when he spoke to the Auditor's address at the inaugural meeting of Trinity college's Fabian Society which discussed "Peace" under the title "Must We Perish."
Mr. Robbins, a 1916 veteran and a prominent trade union leader, brought a breath of Irish fresh air into a meeting in which the atmosphere was heavy with pro-Russian propaganda and English Left Wing sentiment.
One may be forgiven for thinking that such advocacy is an excuse for the purpose of serving partisan views rather than faithfully serving their own country's interests.
RUSSIA VETOED IRELAND An important point to remember is that our country is not completely free—the British Government being determined to hold a section for her imperialist designs.
We sought membership of the United Nations, but were denied such by the action of Russia who vetoed the proposal, and thus the opportunity of using the United Nations forum was denied us.
How any Irishmen worthy of that name could support Russia in these circumstances is beyond my comprehension.
ACADEMIC FREEDOM?
Mr. Robbins then pointed out: "The Auditor takes to task American authorities for sacking eminent professors for expounding their views freely, and for placing restrictions on student liberties.
A fair question would be, what steps did you take personally to investigate these claims beyond accepting an ex-parte report to prove your statement, and further, what would have happened to Russian professors or students in Russia under similar circumstances?"

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PORTRAIT GALLERY
Captain Peadar Cowan, T.D.
CAPTAIN COWAN'S political career has been varied.
In the 'thirties and early 'forties he was an energetic member of the Labour Party. In the mid-'forties he organised a movement, the "Vanguard," which was far to the Left of Labour. When Clann na Poblachta made its political bow in 1947-8, he was one of the new party's executive. Two years later he was the leader-designate of a quasi-military organisation intended to be the spearhead of an assault on the North. Now, he is one of the half-dozen dissident Independents whose votes keep in office his old enemies of Fianna Fail.
Pointing to the record, his critics call Captain Cowan inconsistent. Captain Cowan's reply is that the inconsistency lies in the political parties: that our Peadar has been the only one to remain in step. Labour, he can argue, has moved to the Right in 1943. The Clann, once it came into office, also lost its soul. Captain Cowan was not the only man who left those parties in disgust.
In one respect, he has certainly been consistent. He has always believed that whate'er is highly successful professional career, he has been equally convinced that the administering could well be entrusted to the hands of Captain Cowan. Ideologically he is on the Left as Mussolini and Peron were on the Left. Like them, he has always believed that, given power, he could use it much more effectively than anybody else. Where the ordinary political parties have appeared to provide him with a leg-up into office, he has been willing to tolerate them. Where they have failed him, he has struck out on his own. And what is inconsistent in that?
The trouble is that Captain Cowan appears to lack the magnetism which makes a leader. His political colleagues have never felt at ease with him, and his followers have never given him unstinted loyalty for long. His organising ability made him powerful in the Labour Party, but it did not make him popular; and in his anxiety to push independent thinkers out of his way (it was Captain Cowan who proposed the expulsion of Dr. Skeffington), he also alienated many of the party's ablest members.
The Clann did not trust him from the start. Members of the party fell over themselves to tell everybody that the Captain would be removed as soon as his party had no further need of his organising services. (His expulsion, incidentally, began the rent which helped in the end to destroy the whole party fabric.) As for his two ventures into personal leadership, both dissolved in farce. So it has come about that, in Mr. Norton's words, the man who was to be the Vanguard of the Irish nation has now become the mudguard of Fianna Fail.
Yet Captain Cowan the Independent deputy has attained a higher stature than ever he did as Captain Cowan the party man. His stand on the Browne Mother-and-Child scheme, as his Dail colleagues told each other—gleefully—might have meant the end of his political career. But in the 1951 election, it was Captain Cowan who was returned by the citizens of Dublin, at a time when they were showing their contempt for Labour and the Clann. And speeches. It is true that when—for example—Captain Cowan opposes a certain course of action, on the grounds that it might alienate the Northern Protestants, the argument comes oddly from a
man who so recently wished to lead an armed band into the Six Counties, to plant the tricolour on Belfast City Hall. But his value to the Dail as an Independent is none the less substantial. The Dail is not overstocked with men who are prepared so fearlessly to speak their minds.

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“It Can’t
Happen Here”
Stalin Memorial Meeting
DUBLIN.
March 6, 1953.
Dear Friend,
You are invited to attend a MEMORIAL MEETING to be held next Tuesday, March 10, at 8 p.m., at 37 Pembroke Road (Basement entrance).
Speeches will be delivered by Sean Nolan, Michael O’Riordan, P. Carmody, Joseph Deasy and Sam Nolan.
There will be appropriate musical items.
The toiling people of all lands mourn the death of the beloved Joseph V. Stalin, brilliant leader of the peoples of the Soviet Union and champion of the cause of Peace and Freedom among the peoples of all lands.
BY YOUR ATTENDANCE AT NEXT TUESDAY'S MEETING SHOW YOUR UNITY WITH THE TOILING PEOPLE OF ALL LANDS IN PAYING TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF OUR DEAR COMRADE STALIN.
EVERYBODY WELCOME—BRING FRIENDS.
Yours fraternally,
MICHAEL O'RIORDAN,
General Secretary, Irish Workers' League.
(The above is a copy of a circular widely distributed in the Dublin area over the week-end).

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SAOIRSE
NEWS - SHEET FOR IRISH NATIONALISTS
UIMHIR A 17
MARTA 14th, 1953
2 PHINGIN
IRISHMEN BEWARE!
Alien Influences at work to Destroy our Nationalism
IN the early issues of this news-sheet, we warned our readers of some of the less obvious - and therefore the greatest - dangers to our country's future.
The main reason for the existence of these dangers is the general lack of a clear national philosophy or world outlook.
Those who propagate ideas dangerous to nationality do not lack a comprehensive body of ideas - and these ideas are not Irish!
The solution is to have a basic national philosophy and to help make this known is one of the chief reasons for the existence of SAOIRSE. The only philosophy for us is, of course, the old Gaelic one which has been mostly forgotten since British liberalism was tyranically shifted on the country:
SEND TO-DAY A SUBSCRIPTION OF 3/- for 12 issues of SAOIRSE (post free). SAOIRSE is published by A o n t a s N - i s i u n t a, a militant nationalist non-party political Movement with a unique revolutionary Programme for the re-establishment of the Gaelic authoritarian State. Copies of the 14 point Programme and An Explanation of the Plag, Symbols and Colours of the Movement are available at one penny each.
"A WORD OF WARNING"
The A o n t a s Programme acknowledges the Holy Catholic, official religion of the State. Nevertheless, "The Standard", which styles itself "Catholic Ireland's National Newspaper", ridiculed the Programme of the Movement in its issue of this date last year and denied publication to a short letter refuting the allegations made.
As the "Maria Duce Bulletin", a Catholic Action Organ, stated:
"We can only conclude that the 'Standard' is an irresponsible publication and opinery. Certainly it does not merit the name of Catholic".
"THE TRUTH ABOUT THE NAZI-PLOT"
ROME, February 14
"THE City protested and Eden acted" stated "Lotte Politica", the official organ of the Italian Social Movement, to-day in referring to the recent British arrests of "ex-Nazis" in western Germany.
The facts are that (1) Naumann, Scheel and Zimmermann were in contact with the Grand Mufti of Palestine, "spiritual head of the Arab world, friend of Adolf Hitler and sworn enemy of the British."
(2) Naumann was connected with "Leuchtz Co." of Düsseldorf, a German-Belgian firm, and thus with a vast commercial network in the Belgian Congo and the Near East.
(3) A third world trading block was being built up with Egypt, Spain, the Arab world and Africa.
"The 'Nazi-Plot' propaganda is a good cover-up", says "Lotte Politica", "for the English pirates who thus eliminate commercial opposition"
An EGANGA SANTOSCA!
Taspaineann an meon atá ag chuid de na daoine fé láthair go bhfuil aith-bheóchaint aigne ag tosnú in ar measc. Ní hé amhain an gnáth-neisiúntas ach i tsúim nua i sean-lasadh an teine ag Teamhair.
Le na cois san, tá'n coras pairtí-politicúil Sasannach ag dul i laige.
Agus tugann An Tóstal seans dúinn níos mó Gaeilge a cleachtadh. Is féidir le gach éinne cúpla focail a úsaid ar gach caoi a thagann chuige. Ní folair do.....
"SLAVES OF A WORD"-
Read this straightforward democracy from the plementary democracy from the pen of S.O'Huiginn. 4 page pamphlet for the working man, price 2d. (3 Cents)

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Irishmen will
tour Russia
as guests of
the Soviet
SIX people, four from the 26 Counties and two from the Six Counties, will leave Ireland on Tuesday for a month's tour of Russia. They will be guests of the Soviet Government.
They are Sean de Burca, the sculptor; Mr. James Plunkett Kelly, the dramatist; Mr. Anthony Cronin, associate editor of "The Bell"; Mr. Liam MacGabhann, Dublin journalist; Mr. John Boyd, B.B.C. talks producer, Belfast, and Mr. Cathal McCrystal, a prominent worker for the language movement in Belfast.
Mr. Peadar O'Donnell, editor of "The Bell," in the course of a letter, states that in response to an invitation to visit the Soviet Union, a group of people interested in letters, the theatre, music, painting or sculpture, submitted applications for visas to the Soviet Embassy in London.
Relayed invitations
Upwards of a dozen people arranged to travel last September, many of them influenced to make the journey by discussions with him, Mr. O'Donnell states. He relayed invitations over a wide field and arranged to join the group at Prague on their way to Moscow, but learned there that the visit had been postponed.
He had hoped to join the group on the journey next Tuesday, especially as he had occasion to visit eastern Europe shortly, but the dates clash. He hopes to make the journey to the Soviet Union in the spring, and go from there to China.
Mr. MacGabhann is making the journey in a professional capacity.
The party hope to visit Asiatic and Caucasian areas in Russia.
'Will be interesting'
Mr. McCrystal, who is chairman of the Belfast Coiste Ceanntair Gaelic League, told an IRISH PRESS Reporter last night: "I welcome this opportunity to study the cultural background of the minority groups of the Soviet Union. It will be interesting to find out how they are safeguarding and preserving their national customs. Just as Irish culture has been overwhelmed by English custom it will be of interest to see how far Soviet culture has overwhelmed minority groups."
He understood that the trip was being paid for by the Soviet Government. He had received his invitation from the Six-County Soviet Friendship Society.
Mr. McCrystal added that, as far as he was concerned, the matter of visas had not been gone into yet.

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Within, the members of the Irish Workers' League discussed progress. Outside, women of the City of Dublin walked and prayed.
THIS WAS NO WITCH-HUNT!
By STANDARD Special Representative
SINCE this series of articles on Communism in Ireland commenced, writes our Special Representative, there has arisen a storm of protest, recrimination and denial. Letter-writers, many of them anonymous, have inferred that the danger has been exaggerated, and that I have been guilty of conduct which, in another land, might do little credit to a certain Senator with an Irish name. I wish heartily that all that the letter-writers claim were true. Unfortunately, tragically, it isn't.
The story which took me from Dublin's 37 Pembroke road to Belfast's Red Square, and from the Northern capital to the Iveagh not been an easy one to write. But just as dangerous to be lethargic to the presence of the enemy in our scene of panic.
NO OFFICIAL PARTY
True, there is no Communist Party in Ireland as such. But let us go back to 1933 and to the Common Party of Ireland, the affairs of which were administered by a joint directing committee composed of representatives from Dublin and Belfast. That body continued to function until July, 1943, and the entry of Russia into the world conflict. It then went underground with the Irish Workers' League allied and appeared again under the guise of the Irish Workers' League allied with and akin to "New Books" in Pearse street, Dublin, and an organi-
sation which is grandiloquently referred to as "Social Service Institution, Limited." The latter-named company owns the premises at 37 Pembroke road, where the members of the Irish Workers' League frequently congregate. The considerable amount of money expended on the purchase of these premises and the untrifling amounts afterwards spent on repairs did not, I understand, nearly exhaust the funds of the enemies of Church and State.
"New Books," where Communistic literature is sold, is, as has been previously pointed out, registered in the name of Geoffrey Palmer, as member of the executive of the Irish Workers' League.
But by far the most interesting body is that known as Social Service Institution, Limited. The company was registered on August 29th, 1951, as one limited by guarantee, but not having a share capital. The origin of the funds which went towards the purchase of 37 Pembroke road was not at any time disclosed.
The following are the names of
those who signed the Memorandum of Association:—
Laurence Wright, Transport Employee, 34 Londonbridge road, Sandymount, Dublin.
Albert Gore, Clothing Foreman, 11A Effra road, Rathmines, Dublin.
Robert Tweedy, Consultant Engineer (Retd.), Carrickmines, Co. Dublin.
Dorothy Peache, Secretary, Hinch-oge, Carrickmines, Co. Dublin.
Geoffrey Gordon Palmer, Salesman, St. Coman's, Castleknock, Co. Dublin.
Francis Edwards, Teacher, Monkstown House, Monkstown avenue, Co. Dublin.
John O'Rourke, Electrical Engineer, 42 Walkinstown road, Co. Dublin.
The first directors of this unique undertaking were Messrs. Geoffrey Gordon Palmer, John O'Rourke and Laurence Wright. Mr. Wright ceased to be a director as well from 7th to February, 1952. Dorothy Peache was registered as Secretary of the Company.
"EDUCATION"
Listed amongst the objects of the company are the provision of financial aid for educational purposes to societies, trade unions and other organisations which, in the opinion of the committee, are deserving of such assistance. Sensible people will scarcely need any assistance from me in determining the nature and the value of such "education."

--- Page 50 ---
Recent Visit To
Russia
Sir—I should be greatly obliged if you would give me space to make a simple statement of the circumstances surrounding my recent visit to the Soviet Union.
The invitation was extended to me through the office of "The Bell," a magazine in which much of my literary work has been published. It came from the Russian Cultural Relations Society, V.O.K.S., and there were no strings attached except the following specific conditions:—
(1) The group should consist of people engaged in creative activity;
(2) The group would include no Communists or fellow travellers.
I was invited therefore, as a creative writer; my position as a Trade Union official had nothing whatever to do with it, and my leave of absence consisted of annual holidays due to me. Incidentally, I am not and never have been, a member of the Irish Soviet Friendship Society.
EN 24 2 ★ 1955
As a writer I was keenly interested to travel in such a controversial quarter of the world and to observe as best I could the techniques and psychology of the Soviet system. But as a Catholic I felt it my duty to take counsel from a Spiritual adviser. I placed the matter before a very good friend of mine, Rev. Father James Kavanagh, Director of the Dublin Institute of Catholic Sociology. He in turn undertook to discuss it with a Higher Authority and when he had done so he informed me that while no approval was being granted I was being placed under no moral restraint, but was exhorted to exercise extreme prudence.
★
So far, in the conscientious observance of that exhortation, I have allowed my pen to rust while battles have raged about me, an unusual discipline for me and one not easy to observe. But now, after an unsuccessful attempt to have one of my radio plays suppressed, the attack is directed on my means of livelihood as a trade union official. Petitions are being signed which may result in my dismissal, and while I am ready as always to face without fear or apology these attackers whose habit it is to hunt in packs, I feel my personal position has become sufficiently grave to justify this simple and factual statement, a statement which any reader who takes the trouble can have confirmed. In the meanwhile I am quite certain that there are many of my co-religionists who will understand that having discussed the matter with my spiritual adviser I did not and still do not feel under any obligation to consult the politicians and the county councillors.
JAMES P. KELLY
(James Plunkett)
2 Rockfield Drive,
Whitehall Rd., Terenure.

--- Page 51 ---
No. 29
JANUARY, 1952
IRISH
Price: TWOPENCE
WORKERS' VOICE
Stop a Third World War!
State Medical Services urged by Dr. N. Browne
I.M.A. SCHEME REJECTED BY MINISTER
Only 18,000 Dublin Schoolchildren covered by Health Inspection, says Dublin Trades Council
"IT is unthinkable that there should be two standards of medical service, as we most certainly have under private monopoly medicine in Ireland—one for the rich and a lower level of service for the poor," said Dr. Noel Browne, T.D., former Minister for Health, speaking in Belfast last month.
"I further object to private medicine," continued Dr. Browne, "because it has created a system where the young doctor, and particularly the young surgeon, necessarily practises his limited skill and improves his operating technique on the non-paying poor patient. The rich can and naturally will claim the more experienced and more highly skilled man."
"Those who oppose State medicine, I find," continued Dr. Browne, "are usually fairly exalted persons in civil, political, industrial and other walks of life in our society. They are not found sitting in our dispensaries, fingering their red ticket."
"Every red-ticket case a doctor treats costs him money, so it is not unusual for him to show them little welcome, these people who to him mean loss of income. Admittedly, there are those medical men who do not differentiate between rich and poor, but these do not depend on the average."
Only the State, said Dr. Browne, was capable of providing a proper health service; "that was if the state distributed of social funds the determination of all modern States and whatever we now mean by civilised communities."
Dr. Browne's speech was an effective reply to the so-called voluntary State-aided Medical Scheme announced a few days earlier by the Irish Medical Association. It would appear that something like this I.M.A. proposal would have been given legislative effect had the Coalition Government remained in office.
The I.M.A. Scheme proposes a central insurance Fund be established, into which payments of insured persons would be paid and from which medical purposes would be drawn for medical purposes.
Each person joining the scheme would have to pay 8d. weekly and the State a further 4d. The head of a family would pay 1/4 weekly and the State a further 8d. The person paying 8d. could withdraw up to £100 during withdraw up to £200. "Indigent" persons were expected to be covered. Persons entering the scheme could insure for more than the minimum sum.
A scale of fees to be complied, but only if the I.M.A. got a say in the administration of the country's health services. All the worst features of the present unsatisfactory health services would be retained under the I.M.A. Scheme, while the vested interests of private medicine would continue.
"VAGUE," says MINISTER The Minister for Health and Social Welfare has announced that he regards the I.M.A. Scheme as "vague in many important respects"; also it is "incapable of adaptation to fit in with the declared intentions of the Government in respect of improved health services."
A memorandum submitted by the Dublin Trades Council last month to the Minister makes the revealing statement that in Dublin only 18,000 of the 80,000
schoolchildren are covered by the health inspection service. The memorandum proposes a number of steps that require to be undertaken immediately to cause insured persons to be proved health protection for schoolchildren, including the provision of new school-buildings to replace the many dilapidated and unsatisfactory ones disposed by unsatisfactory delegations.
The full strength of the Labour and trade union movement should be exercised to compel that all medical services are brought under State control. The demand should be made that a Mother and Child Welfare Scheme is implemented without further drown, along the lines of Dr. Browne's scheme—that is, without compulsion and with no means test.
Delegations to Yankee-landTRADE UNION LEADERS AND U.S. WARMONGERSBy MICHAEL O'RIORDAN
FOR the past year and more delegations have been visiting the U.S.A., on the invitation of the E.C.A. Mission to this country (now re-named the Mutual Security Agency, with the conclusion of the Marshall Plan). These delegations have included representatives of businessmen's associations, Young Farmers' clubs, technicians and the latest has been a group of trade union leaders.
Both the Congress of Irish Unions and the delegations of the U.S.C. were invited to accept the invitations and the trade unions were more subsome in his praise of social conditions in America and its big business Government. Anxious to show his gratitudes to the Yankee warmongers for his sympathy he heard expressed for a united Ireland. He conveniently forgot about the heavy defeat in the U.S. Congress of the February resolution about Irish Partition, which was soon statement by the State Department that the U.S. would not interfere in Irish-British relations. For many years every thoughtful Irish man and woman has recognised that the Yankees are not concerned with the Irelands as not controlled by a war base. In practice they accept the British viewpoint (Continued on Page Four)
FATHER CLARENCE E. DUFFY
FATHER CLARENCE E. DUFFY, the author of the following article, is a U.S. doctor of the diocese of Kilmore, which he attempted to apply to the social teachings of the Church in a perished county leitrim. Because of the diminutions he sport of the Irish in America to help the Irish people at home to establish a form of society in Ireland which would be both Gaelic and Christian and which would guarantee to every person in Ireland political, social and economic justice.
In bringing his ideas to the people of the U.S.A., he came in contact with people of all religious affiliations and national backgrounds, and particularly in people interested in world peace. Fr. Duffy is at the moment actively co-operating with peace forces in Britain, U.S.A. and Ireland.
Fr. Duffy is a present in the U.S.A., on leave of absence from the diocese of Kilmore which was granted him by the Bishop of Kilmore, Most Rev. Austin Quinn, D.D. He was recently in Ireland and addressed a very successful meeting in Dublin of the Irish Peace Campaign on the subject of "Peace and Christian Principles."
The Editor of the "Irish Workers' Voice" is glad to publish the following article received from Father Duffy. It expresses the opinions of a priest who sincerely believes in and works for the cause of world peace and for the right of every nation and people, big and small, to develop their economic and social life and their cultural pursuits in accordance with their own desires, and in friendship with other nations. This right, as well as the cause of world peace, is to-day challenged by the Resolutions of their own countries as well as others to launch a third world war to keep the common people in subjection and safeguard their life and gain of rent, interest and profit.
Fr. Duffy rightly urges the common people of Ireland to take their stand of world peace. His call should be heeded by every worker, every Irish man and woman, in town, city and country.
The people of Ireland must do their part in averting such a catastrophe as a third world war.
Atomic warfare involving indiscriminate mass destruction of civilian populations is murder. No professing Christian may conscientiously be a party to or take part in such warfare. Secondly, in this country which is reputedly the most Christian country in Europe, if not in the world, the people can give an example of the practice of Christian charity, or brotherly love, which is so ba

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MANIFESTO
OF THE
SOCIALIST
PARTY
OF
IRELAND
With
Declaration of Principles
PRICE
6d.

--- Page 53 ---
APPROACH
PATTERN
By HILDA E. ALLBERRY
An Irish Traveller's Impressions of the Soviet Union
Autumn, 1950
Preface by SEAN O'CASEY
SIXPENCE